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. 2017 Feb 21;8(17):28595–28613. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.15563

Figure 1. Multiple steps in the ValloVax-induced immune response.

Figure 1

Initial recognition of MHC expressed on the ValloVax cell induces antigen presentation via indirect recognition. Engulfment of apoptotic bodies released from the ValloVax cells in the process of phagocytosis. Cross presentation of ValloVax antigens, inducing an antigen-specific cellular and humoral immune response. The homologies between angiogenesis targets expressed on the ValloVax cell and tumor endothelium result in a cross reaction where the immune response spreads to induce killing of the tumor vasculature.