Figure 1. Increased frequencies of cTh22 and cTh17 cells in human CD4.

⁺T cells of peripheral blood from patients with EV71-associated HFMD Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 32 mild and 24 severe patients with EV71-associated HFMD and 46 healthy controls (HC) were isolated and stained with labeled antibodies and analyzed by flow cytometry as described in the Methods section. A. The cells were gated initially on lymphocytes and then on CD4⁺T cells, circulating IL-22⁺IL-17A⁻CD4⁺Th22 (cTh22) cells, circulating IL-17A⁺CD4⁺Th17 (cTh17) cells, and IL-22⁺IL-17A⁺CD4⁺T (IL-22⁺cTh17)cells in the total number of CD4⁺T cells. B.-D. The analysis of the percentages of cTh22 cells, cTh17 cells and IL-22⁺cTh17 cells in CD4⁺T cells from HC and mild and severe patients. E.-F. The proportion of circulating IL-22⁺ cells in cTh17 cells. G.-H. The correlation of cTh17 cells and IL-22⁺cTh17 cells in mild and severe cases. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, no significant difference.