. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Diabetes Complications. 2017 Mar 18;31(6):983–987. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.03.005

Table 1.

Comparison of group characteristics for people with T2DM and Controls

Participant Characteristic	Group		Statistical Value^*	P-value
Participant Characteristic	People with T2DM (n = 52)	Controls (n = 29)	Statistical Value^*	P-value
Sex (female, male)^†	29, 23	17, 12	X² = 0.04	0.84
Race (AA, Caucasian, More than 1)^‡	26, 22, 4	15, 14, 0	X² = 0.28	0.30
Age (years)^§	58.6 ± 7.3	57.6 ± 7.5	Z = 0.28	0.78
BMI (kg/m²)^§	34.8 ± 7.8	31.7 ± 10.7	Z = 1.09	0.27
HbA1c (%)^§	7.50 ± 1.59^‖	NA	NA	NA
HbA1c (mmol/mol)^§	58.47 ± 17.33^‖	NA	NA	NA
Duration of diabetes (Years)^§	13.3 ± 5.7	NA	NA	NA
Participants with ≥30 pack years of smoking	6	0	NA	0.08

Chi-squared test performed for sex and race. Mann-Whitney tests were performed for continuous variables as all continuous variables were not normally distributed in the diabetes group. Fisher’s Exact Test performed for Participants with ≥30 pack years of smoking.

^†

Sex is number of females and males in each group

^‡

Race is number of African Americans, Caucasians, and more than 1 race

^§

Mean ± standard deviation

^‖

Not reported for 3 participants (n=49)