Table 2. Results.

Comparison of Outcome Variables in Participants with T2DM and Controls

Characteristic	Group		Statistical Value*	P-value
	People with T2DM (n = 52)	Controls (n = 29)
Right Shoulder g of Activity†	2102 ± 773	2685 ± 1114	Z = 2.49	0.01‡
Duration of Right Shoulder Activity (Hours)†	6.11 ± 1.77	6.92 ± 2.2	Z = 1.72	0.08
SIF (AU)	3.57 ± 1.74	2.68 ± 0.56	Z = 2.49	0.01‡
SIF (AU) Without participants with ≥ 30 pack years smoking	3.36 ± 1.32 n=46	2.68 ± 0.56 n=29	Z = 2.25	0.02‡
Total SPADI (%)	21.7 ± 21.3	1.8 ± 3.7	Z = 5.37	<0.01‡
SPADI Disability (%)	18.5 ± 19.9	1.2 ± 2.8	Z = 5.19	<0.01‡
SPADI Pain (%)	26.9 ± 26.0	2.6 ± 6.5	Z = 5.03	<0.01‡
Dominant Shoulder Active Flexion (°)#	145 ± 12	150 ± 10	t = 2.11	0.04‡
Dominant Shoulder Passive Flexion (°)#	159 ± 9	163 ± 11	t = 1.84	0.07
Dominant Shoulder External Rotation (°)#	88 ± 16	83 ± 9	t = 1.84	0.07
Dominant Shoulder Internal Rotation (°)#	51 ± 11	52 ± 8	Z = 0.16	0.88
Dominant Shoulder Flexion Strength (kg)	15.4 ± 5.0	18.4 ± 4.5	t = 2.72	0.01‡
Dominant Grip Strength (kg)	13.7 ± 4.7	14.9 ± 3.9	Z = 1.44	0.15

^*Independent t-tests were used when data were normally distributed (t-score); Mann Whitney U tests were used when data were not normally distributed in at least one group for each variable (Z-score).

^†Missing data for 1 participant with T2DM who was unable to wear accelerometer (n = 51)

^‡P < 0.05

^#Measured as angle between humerus and thorax

AU = Arbitrary Units