FIGURE 3.

Effects of GYF-21 on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by microglia. BV-2 cells were pretreated with various concentrations of GYF-21 for 0.5 h and then stimulated with LPS (0.5 μg/ml) for 6 h (RT-PCR) or 12 h (ELISA). The mRNA transcription of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β was determined by RT-PCR (A–C). The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the supernatants were determined by ELISA (D–F). Data are representative of three independent experiments. ^#P < 0.05 vs. Vehicle, ^∗P < 0.05 vs. LPS.