FIGURE 9.

Effects of GYF-21 on the differentiation of CD4⁺ T cells. Purified naive CD4⁺ T cells were treated with or without GYF-21 for 0.5 h. Then the cells were seeded in 24-well plate (5 × 10⁵ cells/well) and stimulated to differentiate into Th1 and Th17 cells. On day 4 after priming, cells were washed and stimulated again with PMA (50 ng/ml) and ionomycin (1 μM) for 6 h and with monensin (2 μM) for last 4 h. The frequencies of Th1 and Th17 cells in live cells were determined by flow cytometry (A,B). Data are representative of three independent experiments. ^#P < 0.05 vs. Vehicle, ^∗P < 0.05 vs. Model.