Table 4.
Information on Individuals with Cerebrospinal Fluid Escape (n = 7)
| Age at LP, y |
Year of HIV Diagnosis | CD4 at LP, Cells/ µL |
Nadir CD4, Cells/µL |
Year of LP | Sex | ART at Time of LP |
Resistance Mutations in Plasma Virus (Year Detected) |
Interpretation of Mutation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 44 | 2000 | 980 | 260 | 2014 | M | RAL, MVC, DRV/r | Protease: L10I/V (2014) |
Reduced PI susceptibility |
| 33 | 2004 | 600 | 152 | 2011 | F | ATV/r, TDF | RT: M184V (2004) | High level resistance to 3TC and FTC |
| RT: K103N (2004) | Reduced susceptibility to EFV and NVP | |||||||
| 51 | 2004 | 440 | 2012 | M | ATV/r, ABC/3TC/ZDV |
RT: K103N (2004) | Reduced susceptibility to EFV and NVP | |
| 55 | 1996 | 420 | 20 | 2013 | M | DRV/r, RAL, MVC | RT: L210W (2011) | ZDV resistance |
| RT: T215Y (2011) |
Intermediate/high-level resistance to ZDV and d4T, low-level resistance to ddI, and potentially low-level resistance to ABC and TDF. | |||||||
| RT: V108IV (2011) |
Associated with NRTI resistance | |||||||
| RT: Y181C (2011) |
Reduced susceptibility to NNRTI | |||||||
| 41 | 1995 | 490 | 25 | 2013 | F | DRV/r, RAL, TDF | RT: V75I (2001) |
|
| RT: Q151M (2001) |
High-level resistance to ZDV, d4T, ddI, and ABC | |||||||
| RT: D67N (2001) |
||||||||
| RT: K70N (2001) |
||||||||
| 42 | 2000 | 1360 | 2012 | F | LPV/r, TDF | RT: 67N 70R 215Y (2007) |
ZDV/ddI resistance | |
| RT: M184V (2007) |
||||||||
| RT: K219EK (2007) |
||||||||
| 50 | 1997 | 450 | 2014 | F | Off ART 08/2014 | Resistance testing not performed | ||
| ABC/ZDV/3TC, DRV/r |
Abbreviations: 3TC, lamivudine; ABC, abacavir; ART, antiretroviral therapy; ATV/r, ritonavir-boosted atazanavir; d4T, stavudine; ddI, didanosine; DRV/r, ritonavir-boosted darunavir; EFV, efavirenz; F, female; FTC, emtricitabine; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; LP, lumbar puncture; LPV/r, ritonavir-boosted lopinavir; M, male; MVC, maraviroc; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NVP, nevirapine; PI, protease inhibitor; RAL, raltegravir; RT, reverse transcriptase; TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; ZDV, zidovudine.