Table 3.

Change in Utilization in the Oregon and Colorado Medicaid Populations

Utilization and Expenditure Measures	Oregon Medicaid Beneficiaries N = 452, 371			Colorado Medicaid Beneficiaries N = 330,511			Changes in Oregon Medicaid compared to Changes in Colorado Medicaid † (95% CI)
	7/2010–12/2011	2013–2014	Change	7/2010–12/2011	2013–2014	Change	Average 2-year effect	Year 1 (2013) effect	Year 2 (2014) effect
Standardized Expenditures (total, US $)	103	97	−6	88	87	−1	2.00 (−0.79, 4.78)	0.52 (−2.47, 3.51)	3.45 (−0.82, 7.72)
Spending by BETOS code (US $)
Evaluation & Management	30	28	−2	25	25	0	−0.70 (−5.99, −1.54)	0.06 (−0.74, 0.85)	−1.47* (−2.40, −0.54)
Imaging	7	7	0	7	7	0	0.32* (0.14, 0.50)	0.16 (−0.02, 0.34)	0.48* (0.25, 0.71)
Procedures	15	14	−1	14	13	−1	0.36 (−0.06, 0.78)	0.41* (0.01, 0.80)	0.32 (−0.27, 0.91)
Tests	7	7	0	6	7	1	−0.17 (−0.39, 0.05)	−0.30* (−0.50, −0.09)	−0.04 (−0.32, 0.25)
Inpatient Facility	44	41	−3	37	35	−2	2.18 (−0.46, 4.82)	0.16 (−2.38, 2.69)	4.19* (0.01, 8.37)
Spending by site (US $)
Outpatient services	50	49	−1	43	44	1	−0.26 (−1.37, 0.85)	0.37 (−0.72, 1.46)	−0.89 (02.18, 0.40)
Inpatient services	52	48	−4	45	43	−2	2.25 (−0.54, 5.04)	0.11 (−2.60, 2.82)	4.37* (0.01, 8.73)
Utilization (Per 1000 beneficiary months)
Emergency department (ED) visits	57.9	53.2	−4.7	67.4	70.5	3.1	−6.28* (−10.51, −2.05)	−4.58* (−8.72, −0.42)	−8.00* (−12.38, −3.61)
Primary care visits	313.7	277.3	−36.4	270.1	257.5	−12. −6	−15.09* (−26.57, −3.61)	−9.43* (−21.83,2.98)	−20.70* (−31.75, −9.65)
Inpatient days	28.1	26.0	−2.1	23.2	22.1	−1.1	1.39 (−0.29,3.06)	0.10 (−1.51, 1.71)	2.66* (0.01,5.32)

^†Adjusted difference based on propensity score weighted difference-in-differences regression model;

^*Statistically significant at P<0.05