Involvement of TLR signaling in APC activation by THP. (A) Immature human DCs were incubated with THP, LPS, or medium, and immunoblotting was performed from whole-cell lysates using antibodies against IRAK-1 and ERK-2, which served as loading control. A representative of 4 independent experiments is shown. (B) Bone marrow–derived murine DCs (BM-DCs) were treated with or without TIRAP/Mal peptide followed by stimulation with THP or LPS. After 18 hours, cell-free supernatants were collected and analyzed by ELISA. (C) Immature human DCs were pretreated with a mAb against TLR4 (HTA125) or a control mAb before addition of LPS or THP. Cell-free supernatants were then collected and analyzed by ELISA. Data are representative of 3 independent experiments. mDCs, monocyte-derived DCs. *Significantly different from the values for stimulated control; P < 0.05.