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. 2017 May 22;7:2229. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02494-6

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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HMGA2 promotes tumour growth and vasculogenic mimicry in a xenograft tumour model. MKN74 cells stably transfected with HMGA2 expression plasmid and MGC803 cells stably transfected with the HMGA2 sh-RNA plasmid were subcutaneously injected into BALB/c-nu/nu mice. (A) EDV with Endomucin expression (the black arrow); VM channels with PAS-positive substance and negative Endomucin expression, and red cells remained visible at the center of the VM channels (the yellow arrow) (bar 25 um); (B) Tumour growth curve showed HMGA2 overexpression promotes tumor growth; (C) Tumours with HMGA2 overexpression have more VM tubes; (D) IHC staining showed that tumours with higher HMGA2 expression had elevated Twist1, VE-cadherin, vimentin, MMP2 expression and loss of E-cadherin proteins (×400, bar 50 um).