Table 2.
Logistic regression models predicting FOBt screening, The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, 2008–13, n = 3975
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR 1a (95% CI) | Adjusted OR 2a (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived life expectancy | |||
| Low (0 to 24%) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Lower middle (25 to 49%) | 1.59 (1.13, 2.24) | 1.32 (0.93, 1.88) | 1.33 (0.93, 1.88) |
| Higher middle (50 to 74%) | 2.20 (1.68, 2.89) | 1.52 (1.14, 2.03) | 1.57 (1.18, 2.08) |
| High (75 to 100%) | 2.87 (2.18, 3.78) | 1.74 (1.29, 2.34) | 1.81 (1.35, 2.43) |
| Age | |||
| Per year | 0.95 (0.94, 0.97) | 0.96 (0.95, 0.98) | – |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | – |
| Female | 1.20 (1.05, 1.38) | 1.30 (1.12, 1.51) | – |
| Educational attainment | |||
| Post-secondary degree or equivalent | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Up to a post-secondary degree | 0.96 (0.82, 1.14) | 1.04 (0.88, 1.23) | 1.03 (0.87, 1.22) |
| No qualifications | 0.58 (0.48, 0.70) | 0.79 (0.64, 0.98) | 0.79 (0.64, 0.97) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| White | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Non-white | 0.75 (0.48, 1.17) | 0.83 (0.52, 1.32) | 0.85 (0.53, 1.35) |
| Marital status | |||
| Married or living as married | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Single | 0.62 (0.53, 0.72) | 0.72 (0.61, 0.84) | 0.71 (0.60, 0.83) |
| Smoking status | |||
| Never smoker | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | – |
| Former smoker | 0.88 (0.76, 1.03) | 0.94 (0.81, 1.10) | – |
| Current smoker | 0.43 (0.35, 0.52) | 0.52 (0.42, 0.65) | – |
| Age of mother currently or at death | |||
| Per 10 years | 1.06 (1.01, 1.12) | 1.00 (0.95, 1.06) | 1.01 (0.95, 1.07) |
| Age of father currently or at death | |||
| Per 10 years | 1.08 (1.03, 1.14) | 1.04 (0.98, 1.10) | 1.04 (0.99, 1.10) |
| Numeracy score | |||
| Per 1 point (out of 6) | 1.16 (1.10, 1.23) | 1.06 (1.00, 1.13) | 1.05 (0.99, 1.12) |
| Self-reported general health | |||
| Excellent | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Very good | 1.05 (0.83, 1.31) | 1.12 (0.89, 1.41) | 1.12 (0.89, 1.41) |
| Good | 0.84 (0.67, 1.06) | 0.99 (0.79, 1.26) | 1.02 (0.81, 1.29) |
| Fair | 0.59 (0.46, 0.75) | 0.86 (0.66, 1.13) | 0.93 (0.71, 1.21) |
| Poor | 0.37 (0.26, 0.51) | 0.64 (0.44, 0.92) | 0.75 (0.51, 1.08) |
| Cancer | |||
| No | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | – |
| Yes | 0.85 (0.66, 1.11) | 0.90 (0.68, 1.19) | – |
| Cardiovascular disease | |||
| No | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | – |
| Yes | 0.79 (0.67, 0.92) | 1.00 (0.84, 1.19) | – |
| High blood pressure | |||
| No | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | – |
| Yes | 0.84 (0.73, 0.97) | 0.98 (0.84, 1.14) | – |
| ELSA Mortality Risk Index scoreb | |||
| Per 1 point (out of 11) | 0.87 (0.84, 0.89) | – | 0.91 (0.88, 0.94) |
aAdjusted for all variables in the column
bELSA Mortality Risk Index scores include age, sex, comorbid conditions (cancer, lung disease, and heart failure), smoking status, level of physical activity, and difficulty with functional tasks (preparing a hot meal, walking 100 yards, and pushing and pulling large objects). Scores ranged from 1 to 18 points, but are collapsed at 11 points