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. 2017 May 23;8:711. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00711

Table 6.

Direct, overall indirect, and total effects of sleep problems, affective functioning, and emotional and social adjustment at 54 months-of-age, grade 1, grade 3, and grade 5.

PathOutcome All Participants Boys Girls
Direct effects Overall indirect effects Total effects Direct effects Overall indirect effects Total effects Direct effects Overall indirect effects Total effects
SleepD54 AnxDG1 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.12 0.14 0.14
AnxDG3 0.11 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.11
AnxDG5 0.10 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08
SocialCG1 −0.07 −0.07 −0.11 −0.11
SocialCG3 −0.06 −0.06 −0.09 −0.09
SocialCG5 −0.05 −0.05 −0.06 −0.06
School
G5
−0.05 −0.05 −0.06 −0.06
ER-M G5 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.05
ER-T G5 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02
Risk-M G5 0.14 0.02 0.18 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.02 0.18
SleepDG1 School
G5
−0.08 −0.08 −0.11 −0.11
ERTG5 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08
SleepDG3 SchoolG5 −0.11 −0.11 −0.13 −0.13
ER-TG5 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
AnxD54 SleepDG5 0.06 0.06 0.13 0.13
CDepG5 0.05 0.05
ER-MG5 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06
Risk-MG5 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.07
AnxDG1 CDepG5 0.13 0.13
ER-MG5 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15
Risk-MG5 0.12 0.12 0.17 0.17
AnxDG3 CDep G5 0.14 0.14
ER-MG5 0.15 0.15 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18
Risk-MG5 0.14 0.14 0.21 0.21
SocialC 54 AnxDG5 −0.07 −0.07 −0.16 −0.16 0.02 0.02
School
G5
0.12 0.12 0.19 0.19 0.10 0.10
ER-TG5 −0.06 −0.06
Risk-M G5 0.16 0.16 −0.18 −0.18
Risk-C G5 −0.08 −0.08 −0.11 −0.11
SocialC G1 AnxDG5 0.07 0.07
SchoolG5 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
ER-TG5 −0.12 −0.12 −0.14 −0.14
Risk-CG5 −0.18 −0.18 −0.18 −0.18
SocialC G3 SchC G5 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.12
ER-T G5 −0.15 −0.15 −0.17 −0.17
NegAffTemp54 SleepDG1 0.11 0.11
SleepDG3 0.07 0.07
SleepDG5 0.04 0.04
AnxD G1 0.12 0.12 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15
AnxDG3 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.12
AnxDG5 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10
CDepG5 0.10 0.10 0.25 0.01 0.26 0.02 0.02
SchoolG5 −0.14 −0.14
ER-MG5 0.22 0.22 0.32 0.32
Slp&Temp.54 AnxDG1 0.12 0.12
AnxDG3 0.10 0.10
AnxDG5 0.08 0.08
MDep 1-54 SleepDG1 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09
SleepDG3 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07
SleepDG5 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 v
AnxDG1 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11
AnxDG3 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08
AnxDG5 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06
SocialCG1 −0.10 −0.10 −0.10 −0.10
SocialCG3 −0.08 −0.08 −0.13 −0.13 −0.08 −0.08
SocialCG5 −0.07 −0.07 −0.11 −0.11 −0.05 −0.05
CDepG5 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
SchoolG5 −0.03 −0.03 −0.01 −0.01
ER-TG5 0.02 0.02
ER-MG5 0.11 0.11 0.14 0.14
Risk-MG5 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02
SES 54 SocialCG3 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.11
SocialCG5 0.08 0.08 0.15 0.15 0.08 0.08
Risk-MG5 −0.17 −0.17 −0.14 −0.14 −0.14 −0.14
Risk-CG5 −0.17 −0.17 −0.10 −0.10
MaritalQ 54 AnxDG3 −0.06 −0.06 −0.09 −0.09
AnxDG5 −0.05 −0.05 −0.07 −0.07
FirmPCntrl 54 AnxDG1 −0.08 −0.08
AnxDG3 −0.07 −0.07
AnxDG5 −0.05 −0.05
CDepG5 −0.01 −0.01
ER-MG5 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09
Risk-MG5 −0.01 −0.01

Results for cross-domain paths only; Standardized beta weights shown; SleepD, Sleep problems; AnxD, Anxious-depressed symptoms; SocialC, Social competence; CDep, Child Depressive Symptoms; School, School competence; ER-T, Emotion regulation-teacher reported; ER-M, Emotion regulation-mother reported; RiskM, Risk-taking mother reported; RiskC, Risk-taking child reported; NegAffTemp, Negative affective temperament; Slp&Temp, Moderation-Sleep and Temperament; SES, Socioeconomic status; MaritalQ, Marital quality; FirmPCntrl, Firm parental control. All standardized beta weights significant at p < 0.05.