FIGURE 4.

RT-PCR validation of exon skipping events in E. granulosus and E. multilocularis. A subset of four exon skipping events (A–D) in protoscoleces were confirmed by RT-PCR. Paired arrows in the gene frames indicate where primers were designed for each AS event. RT-PCR products were visualized with 1.5% agarose gels. Electrophoretic bands corresponding with predicted AS events in E. granulosus and E. multilocularis are marked by red and blue boxes, respectively. M, marker; EG, E. granulosus; EM, E. multilocularis.