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. 2017 May 15;8:15312. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15312

Figure 4. Normalized elastic-brittle trends preceding eruptions.

Figure 4

The VT and deformation trends have been normalized using ΣNst and ɛT, the number of events and strain at the end of quasi-elastic regime, and the characteristic strain ɛch. The exponential trend of the quasi-elastic regime (yellow) evolves into the linear trend for inelastic behaviour (magenta). Data are for 1971–1994 at Rabaul, Papua New Guinea (circles24) and for 18 July–12 October 2011 at El Hierro, Canary Islands (squares32,33). Field proxies for deformation were uplift at Rabaul and horizontal displacement at El Hierro (see ‘Field proxies for deformation' in the Methods section.).