FIG 1.

C. phytofermentans growth in GS2 glucose medium containing different concentrations of acetate (A), formate (B), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (C), furfural (D), coumarate (E), ferulate (F), vanillate (G), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (H), vanillin (I), benzaldehyde (J), syringaldehyde (K), and catechol (L). Colors show inhibitor concentrations (g liter⁻¹): gray (0), purple (1), blue (2), dark green (3), light green (5), yellow (10), orange (20), and red (30). Data show mean cell density (OD₆₀₀) of 4 cultures ± standard deviation (SD).