Skip to main content
. 2017 May 20;389(10083):2005–2030. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30873-5

Table 1.

Expected health spending in 2030 and 2040

2014
2030
2040
2014–40
Health spending per capita ($) Health spending per GDP (%) Health spending per capita ($) Health spending per GDP (%) Health spending per capita ($) Health spending per GDP (%) Annualised rate of change, health spending per capita (%)
Global 1279 8·3% 1983 (1793 to 2199) 8·2% (7·4 to 9·1) 2872 (2426 to 3522) 8·2% (7·0 to 10·1) 3·0% (2·4 to 3·8)
Income group
High income 5221 11·7% 7334 (6786 to 7815) 12·5% (11·5 to 13·3) 9215 (8475 to 9967) 13·1% (12·0 to 14·2) 2·1% (1·8 to 2·4)
Upper-middle income 914 5·9% 2072 (1698 to 2583) 6·4% (5·2 to 7·9) 3903 (2770 to 5741) 6·9% (4·9 to 10·1) 5·3% (4·1 to 6·8)
Lower-middle income 267 4·3% 525 (485 to 582) 4·7% (4·3 to 5·1) 844 (739 to 1004) 5·0% (4·4 to 6·0) 4·2% (3·8 to 4·9)
Low income 120 7·3% 154 (133 to 181) 6·6% (5·8 to 7·8) 195 (157 to 258) 6·7% (5·4 to 8·9) 1·8% (1·0 to 2·8)
GBD super region
Central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia 1364 6·7% 1877 (1766 to 2018) 6·9% (6·5 to 7·4) 2417 (2252 to 2637) 7·1% (6·6 to 7·7) 2·1% (1·9 to 2·4)
GBD high income 5460 12·3% 7643 (7076 to 8146) 13·1% (12·1 to 14·0) 9556 (8791 to 10337) 13·8% (12·7 to 14·9) 2·1% (1·8 to 2·4)
Latin America and Caribbean 1082 7·3% 1534 (1350 to 1745) 8·2% (7·2 to 9·3) 2047 (1720 to 2494) 8·9% (7·5 to 10·8) 2·3% (1·7 to 3·1)
North Africa and Middle East 870 5·2% 1246 (1137 to 1416) 5·8% (5·3 to 6·6) 1630 (1431 to 1975) 6·3% (5·5 to 7·6) 2·3% (1·8 to 3·0)
South Asia 223 4·2% 529 (467 to 619) 4·8% (4·2 to 5·6) 935 (773 to 1203) 5·3% (4·4 to 6·8) 5·3% (4·6 to 6·2)
Southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania 588 4·8% 1867 (1436 to 2471) 5·6% (4·3 to 7·4) 4035 (2640 to 6314) 6·3% (4·1 to 9·9) 7·0% (5·6 to 8·8)
Sub-Saharan Africa 218 5·9% 259 (238 to 286) 5·6% (5·2 to 6·2) 307 (269 to 365) 5·7% (5·0 to 6·8) 1·3% (0·8 to 1·9)
Country
Afghanistan 159 9·7% 201 (161 to 268) 10·2% (8·1 to 13·6) 249 (179 to 388) 10·6% (7·6 to 16·5) 1·6% (0·4 to 3·3)
Albania 642 5·9% 1202 (1022 to 1424) 6·6% (5·6 to 7·8) 1733 (1404 to 2144) 6·7% (5·5 to 8·3) 3·7% (2·9 to 4·5)
Algeria 1004 7·2% 1567 (1248 to 2146) 9·1% (7·2 to 12·4) 2080 (1439 to 3337) 10·4% (7·2 to 16·6) 2·6% (1·3 to 4·4)
Andorra 5723 8·1% 7230 (5789 to 8606) 8·6% (6·9 to 10·3) 8357 (5791 to 10773) 8·7% (6·1 to 11·3) 1·4% (0·0 to 2·3)
Angola 228 3·0% 256 (169 to 321) 2·5% (1·7 to 3·1) 308 (154 to 414) 2·5% (1·2 to 3·3) 1·0% (−1·5 to 2·2)
Antigua and Barbuda 1213 5·5% 2165 (1727 to 2767) 7·4% (5·9 to 9·4) 2987 (2175 to 4321) 8·5% (6·2 to 12·4) 3·3% (2·2 to 4·7)
Argentina 1322 4·8% 2177 (1769 to 2985) 5·7% (4·6 to 7·8) 3012 (2202 to 4807) 6·2% (4·6 to 10·0) 3·0% (1·9 to 4·8)
Armenia 395 4·5% 674 (549 to 907) 4·9% (4·0 to 6·7) 997 (727 to 1578) 5·3% (3·9 to 8·4) 3·4% (2·3 to 5·1)
Australia 4032 9·0% 5606 (5186 to 6165) 9·7% (9·0 to 10·7) 6970 (6206 to 8111) 10·2% (9·1 to 11·9) 2·0% (1·6 to 2·6)
Austria 5471 11·2% 7416 (6788 to 8143) 11·6% (10·6 to 12·7) 9257 (8270 to 10607) 12·0% (10·8 to 13·8) 1·9% (1·5 to 2·5)
Azerbaijan 1030 5·9% 1734 (1524 to 1978) 6·3% (5·5 to 7·2) 2502 (2033 to 3062) 6·5% (5·3 to 7·9) 3·3% (2·5 to 4·0)
Bahrain 2258 4·8% 3289 (2738 to 4136) 5·3% (4·4 to 6·7) 4380 (3426 to 6336) 5·8% (4·5 to 8·4) 2·4% (1·5 to 3·8)
Bangladesh 92 2·9% 173 (149 to 198) 2·8% (2·4 to 3·2) 266 (206 to 327) 2·8% (2·2 to 3·5) 3·9% (3·0 to 4·7)
Barbados 1116 7·5% 1641 (1412 to 1926) 8·7% (7·5 to 10·2) 2155 (1705 to 2736) 9·5% (7·5 to 12·0) 2·4% (1·6 to 3·3)
Belarus 1093 5·6% 1825 (1432 to 2308) 7·0% (5·5 to 8·9) 2369 (1648 to 3243) 7·4% (5·1 to 10·1) 2·8% (1·5 to 4·0)
Belgium 4751 10·6% 6437 (5759 to 7278) 11·2% (10·0 to 12·7) 8005 (6950 to 9572) 11·7% (10·2 to 14·0) 1·9% (1·4 to 2·6)
Belize 503 5·8% 678 (593 to 776) 6·3 %(5·5 to 7·2) 844 (703 to 1017) 6·6% (5·5 to 8·0) 1·9% (1·2 to 2·6)
Benin 105 5·1% 169 (134 to 221) 6·2% (4·9 to 8·1) 232 (161 to 357) 7·3% (5·0 to 11·2) 2·8% (1·6 to 4·5)
Bhutan 279 3·6% 563 (397 to 774) 3·5% (2·5 to 4·8) 940 (517 to 1558) 3·6% (2·0 to 5·9) 4·4% (2·3 to 6·4)
Bolivia 404 6·3% 673 (565 to 814) 7·3% (6·1 to 8·8) 943 (736 to 1252) 8·0% (6·3 to 10·7) 3·1% (2·2 to 4·2)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 992 9·5% 1734 (1331 to 2104) 10·4% (8·0 to 12·6) 2613 (1921 to 3416) 11·6% (8·6 to 15·2) 3·5% (2·4 to 4·6)
Botswana 903 5·5% 1395 (1168 to 1723) 6·3% (5·2 to 7·7) 1878 (1452 to 2524) 6·8% (5·3 to 9·2) 2·7% (1·8 to 3·8)
Brazil 1357 8·3% 1994 (1657 to 2402) 10·0% (8·3 to 12·1) 2770 (2150 to 3708) 11·3% (8·7 to 15·1) 2·6% (1·7 to 3·7)
Brunei 1811 2·6% 2254 (1741 to 3135) 3·5% (2·7 to 4·8) 2612 (1859 to 4315) 4·0% (2·8 to 6·5) 1·2% (0·1 to 3·2)
Bulgaria 1490 8·4% 2659 (2116 to 3624) 9·7% (7·7 to 13·2) 3870 (2896 to 5754) 10·7% (8·0 to 15·9) 3·5% (2·5 to 5·0)
Burkina Faso 83 5·0% 108 (93 to 127) 5·0% (4·3 to 5·9) 128 (101 to 168) 5·1% (4·0 to 6·6) 1·6% (0·7 to 2·6)
Burundi 65 8·3% 85 (62 to 120) 9·6% (7·0 to 13·6) 104 (65 to 176) 10·1% (6·3 to 17·1) 1·6% (0·0 to 3·7)
Cambodia 209 6·4% 397 (352 to 448) 6·0% (5·3 to 6·7) 642 (543 to 760) 6·1% (5·2 to 7·2) 4·1% (3·5 to 4·8)
Cameroon 116 4·0% 156 (135 to 179) 4·1% (3·5 to 4·7) 190 (150 to 238) 4·3% (3·4 to 5·4) 1·8% (0·9 to 2·6)
Canada 4576 10·3% 5926 (5389 to 6601) 10·7% (9·7 to 11·9) 7248 (6516 to 8528) 11·1% (10·0 to 13·1) 1·7% (1·3 to 2·3)
Cape Verde 318 4·8% 529 (412 to 686) 4·8% (3·8 to 6·3) 768 (523 to 1124) 5·0% (3·4 to 7·4) 3·2% (1·8 to 4·7)
Central African Republic 35 5·7% 46 (29 to 77) 9·4% (6·0 to 15·8) 58 (25 to 145) 13·8% (6·0 to 34·2) 1·5% (−1·2 to 5·3)
Chad 89 3·8% 111 (74 to 150) 3·9% (2·6 to 5·3) 138 (75 to 212) 4·2% (2·3 to 6·4) 1·5% (−0·7 to 3·2)
Chile 1780 7·8% 3217 (2622 to 3793) 8·8% (7·1 to 10·3) 4791 (3724 to 6105) 9·5% (7·4 to 12·1) 3·6% (2·7 to 4·6)
China 697 5·1% 2493 (1851 to 3402) 6·0% (4·5 to 8·2) 5703 (3571 to 9218) 6·7% (4·2 to 10·8) 7·7% (6·1 to 9·6)
Colombia 975 7·2% 1620 (1168 to 2206) 7·8% (5·7 to 10·7) 2398 (1616 to 3727) 8·5% (5·7 to 13·2) 3·2% (1·9 to 5·0)
Comoros 111 7·1% 121 (101 to 148) 8·6% (7·1 to 10·5) 132 (96 to 184) 9·8% (7·1 to 13·6) 0·6% (−0·5 to 1·9)
Congo (Brazzaville) 312 5·2% 424 (336 to 543) 6·1% (4·8 to 7·8) 544 (394 to 736) 7·1% (5·1 to 9·6) 2·0% (0·9 to 3·2)
Costa Rica 1418 9·3% 2142 (1628 to 2636) 9·0% (6·8 to 11·1) 3050 (2207 to 4077) 9·3% (6·8 to 12·5) 2·8% (1·6 to 3·9)
Côte d'Ivoire 179 5·3% 242 (214 to 275) 5·4% (4·8 to 6·1) 292 (246 to 352) 5·6% (4·7 to 6·7) 1·8% (1·2 to 2·5)
Croatia 1734 7·8% 2263 (2064 to 2445) 7·8% (7·1 to 8·5) 2795 (2482 to 3032) 8·2% (7·3 to 8·9) 1·8% (1·3 to 2·1)
Cuba 1706 11·1% 2326 (1635 to 3134) 11·3% (7·9 to 15·2) 3097 (2091 to 4454) 12·3% (8·3 to 17·7) 2·1% (0·8 to 3·6)
Cyprus 2019 7·2% 2864 (2520 to 3352) 8·0% (7·0 to 9·4) 3655 (3021 to 4619) 8·7% (7·2 to 10·9) 2·2% (1·5 to 3·1)
Czech Republic 2384 7·4% 3146 (2753 to 3657) 7·1% (6·3 to 8·3) 3856 (3240 to 4708) 7·3% (6·2 to 9·0) 1·8% (1·1 to 2·5)
DR Congo 46 4·5% 67 (52 to 86) 5·1% (3·9 to 6·6) 83 (56 to 123) 5·5% (3·8 to 8·2) 2·1% (0·8 to 3·7)
Denmark 5075 10·8% 6251 (5488 to 6890) 10·7% (9·4 to 11·8) 7373 (5855 to 8735) 10·8% (8·6 to 12·8) 1·4% (0·5 to 2·0)
Djibouti 357 10·9% 613 (486 to 838) 13·9% (11·0 to 18·9) 842 (598 to 1324) 15·6% (11·1 to 24·5) 3·1% (1·9 to 4·8)
Dominica 599 5·5% 859 (740 to 1012) 6·2% (5·3 to 7·3) 1092 (874 to 1406) 6·6% (5·3 to 8·5) 2·2% (1·4 to 3·2)
Dominican Republic 601 4·4% 1211 (930 to 1567) 4·9% (3·7 to 6·3) 1833 (1316 to 2498) 5·1% (3·7 to 6·9) 4·1% (2·9 to 5·3)
Ecuador 1071 9·2% 1491 (1261 to 1758) 10·2% (8·6 to 12·0) 1935 (1534 to 2410) 11·0% (8·7 to 13·7) 2·2% (1·3 to 3·0)
Egypt 581 5·4% 903 (820 to 1016) 5·5% (4·9 to 6·1) 1212 (1070 to 1453) 5·5% (4·9 to 6·6) 2·7% (2·3 to 3·4)
El Salvador 567 6·8% 1018 (826 to 1354) 7·7% (6·3 to 10·3) 1520 (1089 to 2337) 8·6% (6·1 to 13·2) 3·6 %(2·4 to 5·2)
Equatorial Guinea 1411 3·7% 1435 (1163 to 1792) 3·6% (2·9 to 4·5) 1746 (1302 to 2291) 3·8% (2·8 to 4·9) 0·8% (−0·3 to 1·8)
Eritrea 59 5·1% 68 (53 to 88) 4·8% (3·7 to 6·2) 84 (56 to 129) 5·1% (3·4 to 7·9) 1·2% (−0·2 to 2·9)
Estonia 1830 6·4% 3274 (2683 to 4230) 7·9% (6·5 to 10·2) 4554 (3386 to 6301) 8·7% (6·5 to 12·1) 3·3% (2·3 to 4·6)
Ethiopia 85 5·5% 149 (115 to 197) 4·9% (3·8 to 6·5) 212 (153 to 311) 4·6% (3·3 to 6·7) 3·3% (2·2 to 4·8)
Federated States of Micronesia 490 16·1% 608 (359 to 972) 17·2% (10·1 to 27·5) 767 (302 to 1703) 19·4% (7·7 to 43·1) 1·3% (−1·8 to 4·6)
Fiji 399 4·5% 558 (503 to 614) 4·6% (4·1 to 5·0) 705 (630 to 804) 4·7% (4·2 to 5·4) 2·1% (1·7 to 2·6)
Finland 3935 9·3% 5061 (4654 to 5562) 9·5% (8·8 to 10·5) 6209 (5648 to 6920) 9·9% (9·0 to 11·1) 1·7% (1·3 to 2·1)
France 4589 11·3% 5963 (5487 to 6689) 11·6% (10·6 to 13·0) 7402 (6768 to 8671) 12·0% (11·0 to 14·1) 1·8% (1·4 to 2·4)
Gabon 612 3·4% 985 (799 to 1248) 4·7% (3·9 to 6·0) 1336 (966 to 1900) 5·8% (4·2 to 8·2) 2·8% (1·7 to 4·2)
Georgia 700 7·3% 1236 (1026 to 1427) 8·9% (7·4 to 10·3) 1608 (1268 to 1972) 9·2% (7·3 to 11·3) 3·1% (2·2 to 3·8)
Germany 5356 11·2% 7612 (6630 to 8575) 12·0% (10·5 to 13·5) 9659 (8134 to 11311) 12·7% (10·7 to 14·8) 2·2% (1·5 to 2·8)
Ghana 146 3·5% 218 (177 to 264) 3·7% (3·0 to 4·4) 288 (214 to 381) 3·8% (2·8 to 5·0) 2·5% (1·4 to 3·5)
Greece 2170 8·1% 2833 (2484 to 3383) 8·3% (7·3 to 9·9) 3462 (2923 to 4570) 8·6% (7·3 to 11·4) 1·7% (1·1 to 2·8)
Grenada 737 6·1% 1096 (967 to 1259) 6·3% (5·6 to 7·2) 1412 (1157 to 1755) 6·6% (5·4 to 8·2) 2·4% (1·7 to 3·2)
Guatemala 466 6·2% 594 (540 to 648) 6·2% (5·6 to 6·7) 715 (622 to 808) 6·3% (5·4 to 7·1) 1·6% (1·1 to 2·0)
Guinea 101 7·4% 127 (100 to 163) 7·9% (6·2 to 10·1) 165 (114 to 243) 8·9% (6·1 to 13·0) 1·8% (0·4 to 3·2)
Guinea-Bissau 77 5·3% 98 (75 to 131) 5·7% (4·4 to 7·6) 115 (74 to 194) 6·0% (3·9 to 10·2) 1·4% (−0·1 to 3·4)
Guyana 438 5·4% 685 (589 to 812) 5·8% (5·0 to 6·9) 903 (733 to 1142) 6·1% (5·0 to 7·7) 2·7% (1·9 to 3·5)
Haiti 154 8·9% 205 (164 to 262) 9·4% (7·5 to 12·0) 250 (178 to 385) 9·6% (6·8 to 14·7) 1·7% (0·5 to 3·4)
Honduras 420 8·8% 568 (513 to 654) 8·8% (8·0 to 10·1) 716 (625 to 887) 9·0% (7·9 to 11·2) 2·0% (1·5 to 2·8)
Hungary 1855 7·2% 2706 (2522 to 3028) 7·3% (6·8 to 8·2) 3441 (3140 to 4128) 7·5% (6·9 to 9·0) 2·3% (1·9 to 3·0)
Iceland 3959 8·7% 5491 (4824 to 6314) 9·2% (8·1 to 10·6) 6869 (5809 to 8455) 9·6% (8·1 to 11·8) 2·0% (1·4 to 2·8)
India 253 4·5% 629 (550 to 747) 5·1% (4·4 to 6·0) 1138 (927 to 1488) 5·6% (4·6 to 7·3) 5·5% (4·8 to 6·6)
Indonesia 265 2·5% 509 (443 to 588) 2·6% (2·3 to 3·0) 793 (640 to 986) 2·7% (2·2 to 3·4) 4·0% (3·3 to 4·9)
Iran 1073 6·5% 1558 (1263 to 1874) 7·3% (5·9 to 8·8) 2051 (1489 to 2709) 7·8% (5·7 to 10·4) 2·4% (1·2 to 3·4)
Iraq 828 5·7% 1018 (787 to 1401) 5·9% (4·6 to 8·2) 1230 (860 to 1897) 6·4% (4·5 to 9·9) 1·4% (0·1 to 3·1)
Ireland 4006 7·6% 5989 (4758 to 7222) 7·8% (6·2 to 9·4) 7363 (5145 to 9737) 8·1% (5·7 to 10·7) 2·2% (0·9 to 3·3)
Israel 2722 7·7% 3747 (3312 to 4249) 8·4% (7·4 to 9·5) 4534 (3695 to 5491) 8·7% (7·1 to 10·5) 1·9% (1·1 to 2·6)
Italy 3311 9·0% 4154 (3805 to 4502) 8·8% (8·1 to 9·6) 5135 (4580 to 5713) 9·2% (8·2 to 10·2) 1·6% (1·2 to 2·0)
Jamaica 477 5·4% 773 (650 to 955) 7·0% (5·9 to 8·6) 1000 (748 to 1399) 7·7% (5·8 to 10·8) 2·7% (1·7 to 4·0)
Japan 3816 10·2% 5729 (4452 to 6820) 11·7% (9·1 to 13·9) 7695 (6122 to 9315) 13·0% (10·3 to 15·7) 2·6% (1·8 to 3·3)
Jordan 839 7·4% 1097 (982 to 1226) 7·4% (6·6 to 8·3) 1335 (1144 to 1565) 7·6% (6·5 to 8·9) 1·7% (1·1 to 2·3)
Kazakhstan 1143 4·3% 1545 (1343 to 1817) 4·2% (3·6 to 4·9) 2047 (1787 to 2500) 4·3% (3·8 to 5·3) 2·1% (1·7 to 2·9)
Kenya 197 6·4% 237 (194 to 302) 5·9% (4·9 to 7·6) 286 (209 to 423) 6·1% (4·5 to 9·0) 1·3% (0·2 to 2·8)
Kiribati 168 9·6% 184 (81 to 281) 9·9% (4·4 to 15·2) 214 (58 to 386) 10·8% (2·9 to 19·6) 0·5% (−3·9 to 3·1)
Kuwait 2075 3·0% 3208 (2309 to 4950) 4·2% (3·0 to 6·5) 4368 (2792 to 8124) 4·9% (3·1 to 9·1) 2·6% (1·1 to 5·1)
Kyrgyzstan 236 6·9% 315 (272 to 369) 7·4% (6·4 to 8·6) 384 (302 to 492) 7·7% (6·1 to 9·9) 1·8% (0·9 to 2·7)
Laos 113 2·0% 186 (144 to 234) 1·5% (1·2 to 1·9) 285 (178 to 419) 1·4% (0·9 to 2·1) 3·3% (1·7 to 4·8)
Latvia 1427 5·9% 2036 (1833 to 2247) 5·8% (5·2 to 6·4) 2564 (2246 to 2898) 5·8% (5·1 to 6·6) 2·2% (1·7 to 2·6)
Lebanon 1060 6·4% 1484 (1222 to 1825) 6·3% (5·2 to 7·8) 1895 (1458 to 2499) 6·5% (5·0 to 8·5) 2·1% (1·2 to 3·2)
Lesotho 319 11·6% 521 (371 to 667) 12·3% (8·8 to 15·8) 726 (464 to 1010) 13·0% (8·3 to 18·0) 3·0% (1·4 to 4·3)
Liberia 345 39·3% 287 (257 to 333) 27·1% (24·3 to 31·4) 276 (224 to 373) 22·2% (18·0 to 29·9) –0·9% (−1·6 to 0·3)
Libya 751 5·0% 781 (534 to 1147) 6·8% (4·7 to 10·0) 979 (590 to 1637) 8·8% (5·3 to 14·7) 0·8% (−0·9 to 2·9)
Lithuania 1830 6·5% 2904 (2579 to 3381) 6·6% (5·9 to 7·7) 3871 (3242 to 4809) 6·7% (5·6 to 8·3) 2·8% (2·1 to 3·6)
Luxembourg 7105 6·9% 10 593 (9569 to 12306) 7·4% (6·7 to 8·6) 13 924 (11726 to 17 455) 7·9% (6·6 to 9·9) 2·5% (1·9 to 3·3)
Macedonia 887 6·5% 1368 (1240 to 1504) 6·8% (6·2 to 7·5) 1742 (1549 to 1931) 6·9% (6·1 to 7·7) 2·5% (2·1 to 2·9)
Madagascar 52 3·7% 65 (54 to 80) 4·2% (3·5 to 5·2) 73 (56 to 106) 4·4% (3·4 to 6·4) 1·3% (0·3 to 2·7)
Malawi 148 12·9% 184 (148 to 233) 13·4% (10·8 to 17·0) 219 (160 to 320) 13·9% (10·1 to 20·2) 1·4% (0·3 to 2·9)
Malaysia 1047 4·1% 1783 (1576 to 2102) 4·1% (3·6 to 4·8) 2528 (2099 to 3249) 4·1% (3·4 to 5·3) 3·2% (2·6 to 4·2)
Maldives 1980 13·5% 3623 (2656 to 5154) 13·1% (9·6 to 18·6) 6070 (3725 to 9978) 13·9% (8·6 to 22·9) 4·0% (2·3 to 6·0)
Mali 162 7·4% 229 (193 to 275) 7·3% (6·2 to 8·8) 300 (231 to 402) 7·9% (6·1 to 10·6) 2·2% (1·3 to 3·4)
Malta 3058 9·7% 5997 (5097 to 7328) 12·1% (10·3 to 14·8) 8840 (6975 to 11 329) 13·5% (10·7 to 17·4) 3·9% (3·1 to 4·9)
Marshall Islands 599 17·2% 679 (495 to 851) 15·7% (11·5 to 19·7) 785 (448 to 1130) 15·8% (9·0 to 22·7) 0·9% (−1·1 to 2·3)
Mauritania 153 3·7% 204 (171 to 251) 4·0% (3·3 to 4·9) 258 (193 to 366) 4·4% (3·3 to 6·2) 1·9% (0·9 to 3·2)
Mauritius 880 4·6% 1942 (1454 to 2542) 5·5% (4·1 to 7·2) 3459 (2435 to 5042) 6·4% (4·5 to 9·4) 5·0% (3·8 to 6·5)
Mexico 1088 6·3% 1413 (1217 to 1611) 6·7% (5·8 to 7·7) 1726 (1403 to 2084) 7·1% (5·8 to 8·6) 1·7% (0·9 to 2·4)
Moldova 527 10·3% 711 (620 to 822) 10·5% (9·1 to 12·1) 910 (755 to 1122) 10·7% (8·8 to 13·1) 2·0%(1·3 to 2·8)
Mongolia 575 4·7% 1078 (837 to 1406) 4·7% (3·7 to 6·2) 1685 (1177 to 2462) 4·8% (3·4 to 7·0) 3·9% (2·7 to 5·4)
Montenegro 1015 6·6% 1613 (1373 to 2074) 7·5% (6·4 to 9·6) 2189 (1734 to 3138) 8·2% (6·5 to 11·8) 2·8% (2·0 to 4·2)
Morocco 505 5·9% 765 (700 to 833) 5·6% (5·2 to 6·1) 1056 (945 to 1160) 5·7% (5·1 to 6·2) 2·7% (2·3 to 3·1)
Mozambique 92 7·8% 96 (62 to 142) 5·3% (3·4 to 7·8) 117 (59 to 222) 4·9% (2·5 to 9·3) 0·7% (−1·6 to 3·3)
Myanmar 121 2·5% 394 (273 to 613) 3·3% (2·3 to 5·1) 979 (476 to 2210) 4·5% (2·2 to 10·1) 7·4% (5·1 to 10·8)
Namibia 936 9·3% 1437 (1277 to 1692) 9·8% (8·7 to 11·5) 1929 (1590 to 2499) 10·2% (8·4 to 13·2) 2·7% (2·0 to 3·6)
Nepal 138 5·8% 226 (197 to 259) 5·6% (4·9 to 6·5) 321 (263 to 388) 5·6% (4·6 to 6·7) 3·1% (2·4 to 3·8)
Netherlands 5234 10·7% 7799 (6370 to 9036) 12·2% (10·0 to 14·2) 10 186 (8436 to 12 098) 13·4% (11·1 to 16·0) 2·5% (1·8 to 3·1)
New Zealand 4050 11·0% 5496 (4595 to 6193) 11·4% (9·5 to 12·9) 6868 (5624 to 8063) 11·9% (9·8 to 14·0) 1·9% (1·2 to 2·5)
Nicaragua 450 9·1% 652 (518 to 753) 9·3% (7·4 to 10·7) 830 (618 to 1005) 9·5% (7·1 to 11·5) 2·2% (1·2 to 3·0)
Niger 66 6·7% 81 (66 to 101) 6·8% (5·6 to 8·5) 98 (73 to 139) 7·3% (5·4 to 10·4) 1·4% (0·4 to 2·8)
Nigeria 225 3·7% 287 (245 to 343) 3·8% (3·2 to 4·5) 343 (268 to 449) 3·9% (3·0 to 5·1) 1·5% (0·6 to 2·6)
Norway 6537 10·0% 9758 (8486 to 11 459) 11·6% (10·1 to 13·6) 12 734 (10 505 to 16 034) 12·7% (10·5 to 16·0) 2·4% (1·8 to 3·3)
Oman 1467 3·5% 2507 (1908 to 4034) 4·5% (3·4 to 7·2) 3631 (2369 to 7390) 5·2% (3·4 to 10·5) 3·1% (1·8 to 6·0)
Pakistan 132 2·7% 212 (184 to 250) 2·9% (2·6 to 3·5) 296 (237 to 383) 3·2% (2·6 to 4·2) 3·0% (2·2 to 4·0)
Panama 1743 8·0% 3094 (2659 to 3563) 8·0% (6·9 to 9·2) 4569 (3750 to 5565) 8·1% (6·7 to 9·9) 3·6% (2·8 to 4·3)
Papua New Guinea 108 4·4% 168 (139 to 206) 4·7% (3·9 to 5·7) 224 (167 to 304) 5·0% (3·8 to 6·8) 2·7% (1·6 to 3·8)
Paraguay 863 9·8% 1374 (1146 to 1760) 10·8% (9·0 to 13·8) 1916 (1460 to 2827) 11·6% (8·9 to 17·1) 2·9% (1·9 to 4·4)
Peru 626 5·2% 942 (807 to 1158) 5·3% (4·6 to 6·5) 1276 (1032 to 1692) 5·5% (4·5 to 7·3) 2·6% (1·9 to 3·7)
Philippines 330 4·7% 559 (494 to 624) 5·2% (4·6 to 5·8) 787 (661 to 920) 5·5% (4·6 to 6·4) 3·2% (2·6 to 3·8)
Poland 1629 6·3% 2836 (2528 to 3134) 5·9% (5·3 to 6·5) 4264 (3679 to 4873) 5·9% (5·1 to 6·7) 3·6% (3·0 to 4·1)
Portugal 2697 9·3% 3774 (3110 to 4600) 9·8% (8·1 to 12·0) 4784 (3934 to 6355) 10·5% (8·7 to 14·0) 2·1% (1·4 to 3·2)
Qatar 2663 2·2% 3785 (2922 to 5426) 2·7% (2·1 to 3·9) 5006 (3392 to 8591) 3·1% (2·1 to 5·3) 2·2% (0·9 to 4·3)
Romania 1077 5·5% 2258 (1703 to 3063) 6·8% (5·1 to 9·2) 3500 (2608 to 4864) 7·7% (5·7 to 10·7) 4·3% (3·3 to 5·6)
Russia 1877 7·1% 2287 (2100 to 2623) 7·5% (6·9 to 8·6) 2665 (2416 to 3206) 7·7% (7·0 to 9·3) 1·3% (0·9 to 2·0)
Rwanda 158 9·4% 217 (165 to 289) 8·5% (6·4 to 11·3) 278 (188 to 448) 8·4% (5·6 to 13·4) 2·0% (0·6 to 3·9)
Saint Lucia 755 6·7% 1023 (897 to 1212) 6·8% (6·0 to 8·1) 1340 (1086 to 1782) 7·4% (6·0 to 9·8) 2·1% (1·3 to 3·2)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 917 8·8% 1203 (968 to 1545) 8·7% (7·0 to 11·2) 1506 (1106 to 2137) 9·2% (6·8 to 13·1) 1·8% (0·7 to 3·1)
Samoa 365 7·2% 433 (338 to 643) 6·7% (5·2 to 9·9) 555 (403 to 856) 7·3% (5·3 to 11·2) 1·5% (0·4 to 3·2)
São Tomé and Príncipe 251 7·9% 317 (241 to 416) 8·1% (6·2 to 10·6) 397 (262 to 608) 8·9% (5·9 to 13·7) 1·6% (0·2 to 3·3)
Saudi Arabia 2320 4·4% 3355 (2554 to 5027) 5·3% (4·0 to 8·0) 4590 (3089 to 8043) 6·3% (4·2 to 11·1) 2·4% (1·1 to 4·6)
Senegal 121 5·2% 153 (130 to 184) 5·3% (4·5 to 6·4) 182 (140 to 245) 5·7% (4·4 to 7·7) 1·5% (0·5 to 2·6)
Serbia 1392 10·3% 1864 (1714 to 2037) 10·4% (9·6 to 11·4) 2319 (2113 to 2616) 10·7% (9·8 to 12·1) 1·9% (1·5 to 2·3)
Seychelles 853 3·3% 1599 (1118 to 2226) 4·0% (2·8 to 5·5) 2498 (1355 to 3834) 4·5% (2·5 to 7·0) 3·8% (1·7 to 5·6)
Sierra Leone 255 13·5% 250 (214 to 311) 15·7% (13·4 to 19·5) 290 (227 to 423) 15·9% (12·5 to 23·1) 0·4% (−0·4 to 1·9)
Singapore 3981 4·8% 6990 (5335 to 9135) 6·0% (4·6 to 7·9) 10 035 (7204 to 14 611) 7·0% (5·0 to 10·2) 3·4% (2·2 to 4·8)
Slovakia 2203 7·7% 3798 (3306 to 4375) 8·0% (7·0 to 9·2) 5354 (4571 to 6557) 8·2% (7·0 to 10·1) 3·3% (2·7 to 4·0)
Slovenia 2845 9·1% 3970 (3482 to 4776) 9·4% (8·2 to 11·3) 4961 (4010 to 6494) 9·8% (7·9 to 12·8) 2·0% (1·3 to 3·1)
Solomon Islands 107 5·8% 111 (75 to 157) 4·9% (3·3 to 7·0) 141 (82 to 230) 5·4% (3·2 to 8·8) 0·9% (−1·0 to 2·8)
Somalia 33 6·9% 36 (27 to 50) 6·9% (5·2 to 9·5) 42 (27 to 72) 7·3% (4·7 to 12·4) 0·8% (−0·7 to 2·9)
South Africa 1172 8·9% 1499 (1346 to 1684) 9·7% (8·7 to 10·9) 1815 (1555 to 2165) 10·3% (8·9 to 12·3) 1·6% (1·0 to 2·3)
South Korea 2507 7·1% 4838 (4088 to 5783) 9·0% (7·6 to 10·8) 6859 (5323 to 8897) 10·1% (7·9 to 13·2) 3·7% (2·8 to 4·7)
South Sudan 94 3·6% 120 (84 to 182) 5·1% (3·6 to 7·7) 145 (78 to 283) 6·4% (3·4 to 12·5) 1·4% (−0·7 to 4·1)
Spain 3096 9·0% 4245 (3808 to 4645) 9·0% (8·0 to 9·8) 5194 (4510 to 5846) 9·1% (7·9 to 10·2) 1·9% (1·4 to 2·4)
Sri Lanka 402 3·5% 911 (716 to 1180) 3·8% (3·0 to 5·0) 1645 (1207 to 2289) 4·3% (3·1 to 5·9) 5·2% (4·1 to 6·4)
Sudan 334 8·3% 457 (380 to 543) 8·0% (6·6 to 9·5) 594 (478 to 730) 8·1% (6·5 to 9·9) 2·1% (1·3 to 2·9)
Suriname 731 4·3% 940 (765 to 1171) 4·2% (3·4 to 5·2) 1195 (856 to 1630) 4·3% (3·1 to 5·9) 1·8% (0·6 to 3·0)
Swaziland 745 9·5% 1132 (923 to 1430) 11·5% (9·4 to 14·5) 1467 (1062 to 2094) 12·8% (9·2 to 18·2) 2·4% (1·3 to 3·8)
Sweden 5446 11·8% 8048 (6984 to 9231) 13·1% (11·4 to 15·0) 10 194 (8079 to 12 326) 13·9% (11·1 to 16·9) 2·3% (1·5 to 3·0)
Switzerland 7831 12·8% 9702 (8612 to 10 687) 13·4% (11·9 to 14·7) 11 365 (9797 to 12 870) 14·0% (12·1 to 15·9) 1·4% (0·8 to 1·8)
Syria 562 3·4% 736 (618 to 908) 3·7% (3·1 to 4·5) 926 (703 to 1274) 4·0% (3·0 to 5·5) 1·8% (0·8 to 3·0)
Tajikistan 200 7·3% 309 (266 to 362) 8·9% (7·7 to 10·5) 398 (324 to 509) 9·8% (8·0 to 12·6) 2·5% (1·8 to 3·4)
Tanzania 166 6·4% 239 (194 to 303) 6·2% (5·0 to 7·8) 308 (225 to 445) 6·4% (4·6 to 9·2) 2·2% (1·1 to 3·6)
Thailand 633 4·1% 1113 (861 to 1390) 4·3% (3·4 to 5·4) 1689 (1315 to 2326) 4·7% (3·7 to 6·5) 3·6% (2·7 to 4·8)
The Bahamas 1996 7·7% 2658 (2387 to 3054) 8·6% (7·7 to 9·8) 3306 (2792 to 4163) 9·1% (7·7 to 11·5) 1·8% (1·2 to 2·7)
The Gambia 151 9·2% 174 (138 to 228) 10·2% (8·1 to 13·4) 199 (134 to 326) 11·4% (7·7 to 18·6) 0·9% (−0·4 to 2·8)
Timor-Leste 105 1·9% 216 (139 to 329) 3·0% (2·0 to 4·6) 302 (155 to 532) 3·5% (1·8 to 6·1) 3·7% (1·5 to 6·0)
Togo 81 5·5% 114 (99 to 134) 6·1% (5·2 to 7·1) 142 (113 to 187) 6·4% (5·1 to 8·4) 2·1% (1·2 to 3·1)
Tonga 253 5·3% 399 (279 to 594) 6·4% (4·5 to 9·5) 553 (352 to 954) 7·6% (4·8 to 13·1) 2·8% (1·2 to 4·9)
Trinidad and Tobago 1823 5·8% 2518 (2216 to 2919) 6·3% (5·5 to 7·3) 3177 (2671 to 4034) 6·5% (5·5 to 8·3) 2·0% (1·4 to 2·9)
Tunisia 791 6·9% 1099 (992 to 1232) 7·2% (6·5 to 8·1) 1390 (1195 to 1653) 7·5% (6·4 to 8·9) 2·1% (1·5 to 2·7)
Turkey 1040 5·3% 1748 (1556 to 2032) 5·7% (5·1 to 6·6) 2441 (2096 to 3065) 6·0% (5·1 to 7·5) 3·1% (2·6 to 4·0)
Turkmenistan 396 2·3% 925 (763 to 1132) 2·7% (2·2 to 3·3) 1638 (1237 to 2191) 3·0% (2·3 to 4·1) 5·2% (4·2 to 6·3)
Uganda 347 18·1% 313 (262 to 370) 11·6% (9·7 to 13·7) 384 (307 to 489) 11·6% (9·3 to 14·8) 0·3% (−0·5 to 1·3)
Ukraine 659 7·0% 673 (584 to 781) 7·5% (6·5 to 8·7) 715 (557 to 899) 7·7% (6·0 to 9·7) 0·3% (−0·6 to 1·1)
United Arab Emirates 2561 3·6% 3290 (2724 to 4287) 4·2% (3·4 to 5·4) 4182 (3227 to 6245) 4·6% (3·5 to 6·8) 1·8% (0·9 to 3·3)
UK 3749 9·1% 5002 (4276 to 5803) 9·3% (7·9 to 10·8) 6169 (5056 to 7605) 9·6% (7·9 to 11·8) 1·8% (1·1 to 2·6)
USA 9237 16·6% 12 448 (11 293 to 13 528) 17·7% (16·0 to 19·2) 15 026 (13 412 to 16 776) 18·5% (16·5 to 20·7) 1·8% (1·4 to 2·2)
Uruguay 1837 8·6% 2766 (2289 to 3130) 8·9% (7·4 to 10·1) 3716 (2963 to 4400) 9·3% (7·4 to 11·1) 2·6% (1·8 to 3·2)
Uzbekistan 397 5·9% 802 (648 to 1024) 7·2% (5·8 to 9·2) 1299 (931 to 1894) 8·3% (6·0 to 12·1) 4·3% (3·2 to 5·8)
Vanuatu 149 5·4% 214 (145 to 331) 7·3% (5·0 to 11·3) 283 (162 to 524) 8·9% (5·1 to 16·5) 2·2% (0·3 to 4·7)
Venezuela 1010 5·3% 1125 (988 to 1277) 5·7% (5·0 to 6·5) 1285 (1082 to 1528) 6·0% (5·1 to 7·2) 0·9% (0·3 to 1·5)
Vietnam 398 7·0% 919 (740 to 1123) 7·6% (6·1 to 9·2) 1545 (1121 to 2038) 7·9% (5·8 to 10·5) 5·0% (3·8 to 6·0)
Yemen 233 5·8% 229 (179 to 299) 7·0% (5·5 to 9·1) 276 (197 to 400) 7·4% (5·3 to 10·7) 0·6% (−0·6 to 2·0)
Zambia 216 5·4% 287 (232 to 363) 5·6% (4·5 to 7·1) 345 (251 to 497) 5·7% (4·2 to 8·2) 1·7% (0·6 to 3·1)

Data in parentheses are uncertainty intervals. Data are 2015 purchasing power parity US$. GDP=gross domestic product. GBD=global burden of disease.