Table 2.

Prior reported cases of pediatric Goodpasture's syndrome.

Age in years	Sex	Anti-GBM titers	Initial clinical presentation	Renal biopsy	Renal outcome	Pulmonary outcome	Treatment	Final outcome	Reference
4	F	Positive	Pallor, fatigue oliguria, proteinuria, and microscopic hematuria with dominant renal involvement	End stage glomerulonephritis with crescent formation; linear deposition of IgG along basement membrane	No improvement	Stable	Prednisone, azathioprine, and cyclophosphamide	Died	[5]
10	F	Positive	Gross hematuria, oliguria, and uremia with dominant renal involvement Preceding infection with strep throat	Endocapillary and extracapillary proliferative GN with 80% crescents Immunofluorescence could not be done	Dialysis dependent with no improvement	Stable	Prednisolone, azathioprine, and plasmapheresis	Remained dialysis dependent	[5]
7	F	Positive	Diarrhea, vomiting, oliguria, and pallor with dominant renal involvement	Crescentic nephritis with linear IgG deposition	Initial improvement in urine output and GFR with subsequent decline and dialysis dependence	Stable	Plasmapheresis, prednisolone, and cyclophosphamide	Dialysis dependent	[5]
6	M	Positive	Dominant renal involvement	Diagnostic with crescentic nephritis	Improved	Stable	Steroid, plasmapheresis, and immunosuppression	Regained renal function	[6]
10	M	Positive	Cough, right lower lobe infiltrate, vomiting, and oliguria with dominant pulmonary involvement and pulmonary hemorrhage	Crescentic nephritis with extensive necrosis	Deterioration in renal function with dialysis dependence	Improved	Steroid, plasmapheresis, and immunosuppression	Dialysis dependent	[7]
2.5	F	Positive	Fever, anorexia with E. coli UTI as initial presentation with worsening renal function and oliguria	Extensive crescentic necrotizing nephritis with linear IgG deposits	No improvement	Stable	Steroid, plasmapheresis, and immunosuppression	Dialysis dependent	[8]
11 months	F	Positive	Dominant renal involvement	Diagnostic with crescentic nephritis	No improvement	Stable	Steroid, plasmapheresis, and immunosuppression	Renal transplant	[9]
5.6	F	Positive	Fever, malaise, and gross hematuria with rapid decline in renal function	Diffuse cellular crescentic nephritis with linear IgG deposits	Recovery of renal function	Stable	Plasma exchange, solumedrol, and Cytoxan	CKD with stable renal function	[10]
9	M	Positive	Malaise, anorexia, and oligoanuria with pulmonary hemorrhage	Not done	Not improved	Pulmonary status improved	Plasma exchange, solumedrol, and Cytoxan	Dialysis dependent	[11]
8	F	Positive	Asymptomatic with persistent nephrotic range proteinuria and microhematuria	No crescents but with linear deposits of IgG	Improvement in proteinuria with stable renal function	Stable	Plasma exchange, prednisone, and oral Cytoxan	Asymptomatic	[12]
19 months	M	Positive	Gross hematuria, proteinuria with rapid decline in renal function	Crescentic GN with weak global linear staining of IgG	Improvement in proteinuria and renal function	Stable	Plasma exchange, solumedrol, and Cytoxan	Asymptomatic	[13]