Figure 5.

Localization of progeny of transplanted cells in calvarial defect site three months post-injury. (A) Human mitochondrial staining in defects treated with fast-relaxing gels reveals human cells on the new bone periphery. The left panel depicts imaging of the stain used for human mitochondria, while the right depicts the mitochondria overlaid with nuclei stain. The inset shows a higher magnification version of the new bone interface. Scale bar represents 225 μm (B) Human mitochondrial staining in tissues treated with slow-relaxing gel depicting an absence of human cells. (C) Positive control for human mitochondrial staining in human bone section. (D) Fraction of total cellular nuclei on the new bone perimeter co-localizing with human cells (Student’s t-test, n=4). No human cells were detected in the slow-relaxing case. Error bars represent S.D.