Table 2.

Results of multivariate analysis using backward stepwise logistic regression model in patients with hand joint destruction

Variables		B	SE	Wald	OR	OR 95% CI		P-value
						Lower bound	Upper bound
Step 1	Education ≤ 9 years	1.11	0.54	4.26	3.01	1.16	7.64	0.038
	Disease duration, years	0.18	0.05	20.37	1.22	1.13	1.51	<0.001
	DAS28-ESR	0.39	0.16	5.30	1.46	1.06	2.15	0.022
	DMARDs usage, yes	−2.24	1.28	3.11	0.13	0.04	1.37	0.077
	Corticosteroids usage, yes	−0.76	0.45	3.06	0.48	0.21	1.09	0.080
	RF positive, yes	−0.66	0.39	2.79	0.63	0.13	1.74	0.095
	Anti-CCP antibody positive, yes	−0.97	0.46	5.02	1.03	0.17	1.57	0.025
R2		0.380
Step 2	Education ≤ 9 years	1.11	0.55	4.24	3.06	1.1	8.41	0.041
	Disease duration, years	0.20	0.05	21.26	1.21	1.12	1.32	<0.001
	DAS28-ESR	0.38	0.16	5.43	1.45	1.16	2.17	0.020
	Anti-CCP antibody positive, yes	−0.99	0.47	5.12	1.07	0.16	1.68	0.021
R2		0.379

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, DAS28-ESR Disease Activity Score in 28 joints-erythrocyte sedimentation rate, DMARDs disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, RF rheumatoid factor, Anti-CCP anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide