Experimental procedure and measurement of cell viability. (A) It presents the diagram of experimental procedure. (B) Endothelial cells, after OGD/R injury, showed a reduction in cell viability (74.4%), compared with that of the control (100%); moreover, tPA treatment resulted in lower cell viability (51.8%) compared to that of only OGD/R-injured cells. After testing different concentrations of isoflurane, 0.1mM isoflurane treatment was shown to restore decreased cell viability up to 72.5%. (C) Under normoxic conditions, there were no significant differences in cell viability except for a modest reduction at 1mM isoflurane (81.4%).*p< 0.05,**p< 0.01, ***p< 0.001, the one-way ANOVA (means ± SEM, n = 5).