Table 2.

Means, Standard Deviations, Skews, and Kurtosis for the 10 Observed Variables.

	Variable	M	SD	Skewness	Kurtosis	Cut-off scores
Total sample	PSI-PD	21.8	7.1	0.6	0.0
	PSI-PCD-I	17.3	4.9	1.4	1.5
	PSI-DC	19.2	6.3	1.3	1.5
	TOT-PSI	58.2	15.9	0.9	0.5	>90
	EPDS	3.9	3.5	1.0	0.3	>9
	STAI-S	31.9	8.2	1.1	1.5	>40
	STAI-T	32.6	7.7	0.7	0.0	>40
	DAS-DCS	54.1	6.5	–0.5	0.0
	DAS-AE	30.6	4.8	–0.3	–0.6
	DAS-DS	9.4	1.9	–0.6	0.0
	DAS-DC	16.5	3.2	–0.3	0.7
	TOT-DAS	111	11.9	–0.4	0.4	<100
Mothers	PSI-PD	23	7.3	0.6	–0.2
	PSI-PCD-I	17.1	4.9	1.5	1.9
	PSI-DC	19.6	6.6	1.2	0.8
	TOT-PSI	60	16.3	0.9	0.4	>90
	EPDS	4.9	3.8	0.6	–0.3	>9
	STAI-S	33.3	8.9	1.1	0.8	>40
	STAI-T	34.2	8.1	0.4	–0.5	>40
	DAS-DCS	54.2	6.4	–0.4	–0.3
	DAS-AE	30.2	4.7	–0.6	–0.5
	DAS-DS	9	2	–0.6	–0.3
	DAS-DC	15.8	3.1	–0.5	0.1
	TOT-DAS	110	11.8	–0.6	0.8	<100
Fathers	PSI-PD	20.6	6.7	0.6	0.2
	PSI-PCD-I	17.4	4.9	1.2	1.3
	PSI-DC	18.7	5.9	1.5	2.6
	TOT-PSI	57	15.4	0.9	0.5	>90
	EPDS	2.9	2.9	1	0.9	>9
	STAI-S	30.5	7.3	1.2	2.6	>40
	STAI-T	31	7	0.9	1	>40
	DAS-DCS	53.9	6.7	–0.5	–0.2
	DAS-AE	31.1	4.8	–0.2	–0.8
	DAS-DS	9.5	1.8	–0.6	–0.1
	DAS-DC	17.1	3.2	–0.2	–0.1
	TOT-DAS	112	12.1	0.2	0.4	<100

PSI-PD, parental distress; PSI-PCD-I, parent–child dysfunctional interaction; PSI-DC, difficult child; TOT-PSI, total stress scores; EDPS, total scores of the EPDS scale; STAI-S, state anxiety; STAI-T, trait anxiety; DAS-DCS, dyadic consensus; DAS-AE, affectional expression; DAS-DS, dyadic satisfaction; DAS-DC, dyadic cohesion; TOT-DAS, total score of the DAS scale.