Table 3.
Physical Activity Attenuates the Effect of the FTO Genotype on fat parameters
| FTO single nucleotide polymorphisms |
date | Study design | The risk alleles | participants | N | region | Subjects BMI(kg/m2) | measurement parameters | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs9939609 | 2011 | a literature-based meta-analysis | A/T | Adults (46±8 year) | 237,434 | Europe North America Asia |
Risk of overweight and obesity: 25.0≤BMI<30.0; 30.0≤BMI<35.0 |
PA significantly (beta interaction = 20.14 kg/m2 per allele, P-interaction = 0.005) attenuated the association between the FTO variant and BMI of adults, but No such interaction was found in children and adolescents. |
[62] |
| rs9939609 | 2010 | Cross-sectional study from October 2006 to December 2007 | A/T | Adolescents (15 year) | 752 (339 Boys; 413 Girls ) |
Europe | Risk of overweight 24.0≤BMI |
weight, height, WC( P =0.1), BMI( P =0.02) body fat percentage( P =0.06) |
[63] |
| rs9939609 | 2008 | Clinical Trials | A/T | adults | 17,508 | Danes | subjects with BMI<25 and BMI≥25 | physically inactive homozygous risk A-allele carriers had an increase in BMI level by 1.95±0.3 kg/m2 compared with homozygous T-allele carriers. ( P =0.007) |
[75] |
| rs1421085 | 2016 | a longitudinal multi-ethnic study (clinical trial) | T/C | the ages of 18-85 years |
17,423 (10,608 women and 6799 men) |
six ethnic groups | a mean BMI of 30.2 (SD= 6.22) kg/m2 a mean BAI of 33.0 (SD= 7.49) |
BMI Reduced by 57%( P = 0.01) BAI Reduced by 56%( P =0.04) |
[69] |
| rs9939609 | 2011 | a prospective cohort study | A/T | aged 45-66 years |
12,523(6,894 women and 5,611 men) | African & European Americans |
subjects with 25.0≤BMI<30.0 | P ≤0.04 for all traits( BMI, WC) only in AA men and EA men | [76] |
| rs9939609 | 2016 | randomized controlled trial | A/T | Adults (aged ≥18 years) | 1,280(537 women and 743 men) | European | a mean BMI of 25.5(SD= 4.80) | Attenuated WC( P =0.02) and BMI(P= 0.005) | [67] |
| rs9939609 | 2015 | randomized controlled trial | A/T | 18-36 years old | 550(231 males and 319 females) | Portuguese | Men: 22.9% were overweight and 4.3% obese, Women: 12.2% were overweight and 4.4% obese |
decreased in the body-fat percentage( P =0.0002) an increased in BMI |
[66] |
| rs1121980 | 2009 | prospective population-based cohort | T/C | Adults (39-79 y of age) | 20,374(10,059 males and 10,315 females) | European | Men BMI: (26.5±6.33) Women BMI: (26.1± 6.42) |
Attenuated WC( P =0.02) and BMI( P = 0.004) | [68] |
| rs1121980 | 2013 | 11 cohorts study | T/C | Adults (aged ≥30 years) | 111,421(More than 50% females) | European | subjects with 20.0≤BMI<35.0 | attenuated BMI ( P =0.003) almost 10-fold larger in North American than in European cohorts |
[70] |
| rs9939609 | 2015 | randomized trial | A/T | children and adolescents (aged 10-18 years) | 135 (77 males and 61 females) | Chinese | BMI≥25 | BMI, insulin, TC, TG, HDL, RBC, HB and HCT were significantly declined by the combined intervention(P < 0.05) | [77] |
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index, BAI: body adiposity index, SD: standard deviation, N: sample size, PA: physical activity, PAI: physical activity index, EA: European Americans; AA: African Americans, TC: total cholesterol, TG: triglyceride, HDL: high-density lipoprotein, RBC: red blood cell, HB: Hemoglobin, HCT: hematocrit