Table 1.

COPD classifications according to GOLD 2007, 2013, and 2017

GOLD 20072	GOLD 20136	GOLD 20171
Spirometric classification based on FEV1/FVC <0.70 and postbronchodilator FEV1% of predicted	GOLD A/B/C/D classification based on symptoms (mMRC or CAT) and exacerbation risk (measured by airflow limitation or history of exacerbations)	Combination of spirometric classification (1 [mild] to 4 [very severe] A/L) and A/B/C/D classification based on symptoms (mMRC or CAT) and exacerbation risk (history of exacerbations)
Grade I: Mild (≥80%) Grade II: Moderate (≥50% and <80%) Grade III: Severe (≥30% and <50%) Grade IV: Very severe (<30% or <50% plus chronic respiratory failure)	A: Less symptoms (mMRC 0 or 1, CAT <10), low risk (mild/moderate airflow limitation or 0–1 exacerbations per year) B: More symptoms (mMRC ≥2, CAT ≥10), low risk (mild/moderate airflow limitation or 0–1 exacerbations per year) C: Less symptoms (mMRC 0 or 1, CAT <10), high risk (severe or very severe airflow limitation or ≥2 exacerbations per year or ≥1 hospitalized exacerbation per year) D: More symptoms (mMRC ≥2, CAT ≥10), high risk (severe or very severe airflow limitation or ≥2 exacerbations per year or ≥1 hospitalized exacerbation per year)	1A: Mild A/L, less symptoms, low risk 1B: Mild A/L, more symptoms, low risk 1C: Mild A/L, less symptoms, high risk 1D: Mild A/L, more symptoms, high risk 2A: Moderate A/L, less symptoms, low risk 2B: Moderate A/L, more symptoms, low risk 2C: Moderate A/L, less symptoms, high risk 2D: Moderate A/L, more symptoms, high risk 3A: Severe A/L, less symptoms, low risk 3B: Severe A/L, more symptoms, low risk 3C: Severe A/L, less symptoms, high risk 3D: Severe A/L, more symptoms, high risk 4A: Very severe A/L, less symptoms, low risk 4B: Very severe A/L, more symptoms, low risk 4C: Very severe A/L, less symptoms, high risk 4D: Very severe A/L, more symptoms, high risk

Abbreviations: A/L, airflow limitation; CAT, COPD Assessment Test; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council.