Table 3. Cox regression analysis showing hazard ratios (HRs) for variables affecting intestinal surgery.
| n (%) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aHR | 95% CI | P value | aHR | 95% CI | P value | aHR | 95% CI | P value | ||
| Male sex | 386/507 (76.1%) | 0.783 | 0.484–1.267 | 0.320 | Not retained | Not retained | ||||
| Age at diagnosis, years ≤16 ≥17–40 |
110/507 (21.7%) 397/507 (78.3%) |
reference 0.727 |
0.446–1.184 |
0.200 |
Not retained | Not retained | ||||
| Smoking status Never smoker Ex-smoker Current smoker |
369/507 (72.8%) 30/507 (5.9%) 108/507 (21.3%) |
reference 1.964 1.041 |
0.970–3.979 0.617–1.757 |
0.061 0.880 |
reference 1.964 1.117 |
0.970–3.979 0.662–1.886 |
0.061 0.679 |
reference 1.963 1.100 |
0.969–3.977 0.651–1.856 |
0.061 0.722 |
| Family history of IBD | 35/507 (6.9%) | 0.565 | 0.178–1.791 | 0.332 | Not retained | Not retained | ||||
| Location at diagnosis Ileum only (L1) Colon only (L2) Ileocolon (L3) |
57/507 (11.2%) 28/507 (5.5%) 422/507 (83.2%) |
reference 0.509 0.674 |
0.166–1.564 0.372–1.223 |
0.239 0.194 |
Not retained | Not retained | ||||
| Perianal fistula at diagnosis | 336/507 (66.3%) | 1.233 | 0.775–1.962 | 0.378 | Not retained | Not retained | ||||
| Corticosteroid use <3 months after diagnosis | 297/507 (58.6%) | 1.137 | 0.728–1.776 | 0.572 | Not retained | Not retained | ||||
| Group Early anti-TNF group Early IM group Late therapy group Late therapy group relative to the early anti-TNF/IM groups |
71/507 (14.0%) 269/507 (53.1%) 167/507 (32.9%) |
reference 0.406 1.153 2.318 |
0.204–0.807 0.605–2.198 1.503–3.577 |
0.010 0.665 < 0.001 |
reference 0.405 1.154 |
0.204–0.806 0.606–2.199 |
0.010 0.663 |
2.321 |
1.503–3.584 |
< 0.001 |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; IM, immunomodulator; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease.