Table 6. Cox regression analysis showing hazard ratios (HRs) for variables affecting penetrating complications.
| n (%) | Univariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aHR | 95% CI | P value | ||
| Male sex | 386/507 (76.1%) | 0.685 | 0.420–1.117 | 0.130 |
| Age at diagnosis, years ≤16 ≥17–40 |
110/507 (21.7%) 397/507 (78.3%) |
reference 0.725 |
0.439–1.197 |
0.209 |
| Smoking status Never smoker Ex-smoker Current smoker |
369/507 (72.8%) 30/507 (5.9%) 108/507 (21.3%) |
reference 1.740 1.166 |
0.789–3.837 0.688–1.976 |
0.170 0.568 |
| Family history of IBD | 35/507 (6.9%) | 0.384 | 0.094–1.565 | 0.182 |
| Location at diagnosis Ileum only (L1) Colon only (L2) Ileocolon (L3) |
57/507 (11.2%) 28/507 (5.5%) 422/507 (83.2%) |
reference 0.442 0.698 |
0.123–1.586 0.368–1.324 |
0.211 0.271 |
| Perianal fistula at diagnosis | 336/507 (66.3%) | 1.006 | 0.629–1.607 | 0.981 |
| Corticosteroid use <3 months after diagnosis | 297/507 (58.6%) | 1.086 | 0.687–1.718 | 0.724 |
| Group Early anti-TNF group Early IM group Late therapy group Late therapy group relative to the early anti-TNF/IM groups |
71/507 (14.0%) 269/507 (53.1%) 167/507 (32.9%) |
reference 0.575 2.147 3.315 |
0.255–1.294 1.010–4.562 2.094–5.249 |
0.181 0.047 < 0.001 |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; IM, immunomodulator; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease.