FIG 5.
The levels of expression of PmrA-regulated effector-encoding genes are reduced in mutants of the PTSNtr. The expression of effector translational lacZ fusions (the effectors examined are indicated below the bars) was examined in the wild-type strain (JR32), the ptsP deletion mutant (SY-ΔptsP), the ptsO deletion mutant (SY-ptsO-Km), the ptsP-ptsO double deletion mutant (SY-ΔptsP-ptsO-Km), and the pmrA deletion mutant (HK-PQ1) at the stationary phase. The levels of expression of the lacZ fusions were found to be significantly different (*, P < 0.001; **, P < 10−5, Student's t test) in comparisons between results in the wild-type strain and those in the different deletion mutants. β-Galactosidase activity was measured as described in Materials and Methods. Data (expressed in Miller units [M.U.]) are the averages ± standard deviations (error bars) of the results of at least three different experiments. The effector-encoding genes were divided according to their levels of expression.