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. 2016 Aug 8;6(1):223–237. doi: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0044

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© 2016 The Authors Stem Cells Translational Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of AlphaMed Press

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Microparticle delivery of interferon (IFN)‐γ enhances mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) spheroid suppression of T‐cell activation and proliferation. (A): Representative histograms of Ki67⁺ T‐cells in coculture with MSC spheroids at 3:1 MSC:peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) ratios demonstrate increased suppression of T‐cell proliferation when treated with IFN‐γ via pretreatment or microparticle delivery. (B): Coculture of activated PBMCs with IFN‐γ‐loaded microparticle‐treated MSC spheroids resulted in the greatest suppression of T‐cell proliferation at a 3:1 MSC:PBMC ratio. Only MSCs treated with IFN‐γ (via pretreatment or microparticle) suppressed T‐cell proliferation at a 1:1 MSC:PBMC ratio. (C): MSC spheroids suppressed expression of the effector cytokine IFN‐γ, and the greatest suppression was observed in cocultures with MSCs treated with IFN‐γ. (D): IL‐10 expression was increased in cocultures with MSC spheroids and was greatest when MSCs were treated with IFN‐γ via pretreatment or microparticle delivery. ∗, p < .05 in comparison with No‐MSC cultures; #, p < .05 in comparison with IFN‐γ‐pretreated MSC spheroids at the same MSC:PBMC ratio; +, p < .05 in comparison with No Treatment and Unloaded Microparticle MSC spheroid cocultures. Abbreviations: IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; MP, microparticle; MSC, mesenchymal stem/stromal cell; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell.