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. 2016 Oct 5;6(3):799–806. doi: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0365

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© 2016 The Authors Stem Cells Translational Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of AlphaMed Press

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Osteoid and BMP signaling characteristics of recurrent HO. (A): Aniline blue staining shows presence of mature osteoid 9 weeks after HO, and emerging aniline blue staining in both early HO and developing recurrent HO lesions. Red arrows = sites of osteoid. (B): BMP2 expression is elevated in the developing HO lesion, reduced in mature osteoid 9 weeks after injury, and recurs in the recurrent HO lesion. (C): pSMAD 1/5 expression is elevated in the developing HO lesion, reduced in mature osteoid 9 weeks after injury, and recurs in the recurrent HO lesion. White arrows = representative sites of positive staining. Scale bar = 200 µm. Abbreviations: BMP2, bone morphogenetic protein‐2; HO, heterotopic ossification.