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. 2016 Oct 5;6(3):799–806. doi: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0365

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© 2016 The Authors Stem Cells Translational Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of AlphaMed Press

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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New cartilage in recurrent lesions undergoes de novo endochondral ossification. (A): Safranin O and COLIIA staining shows cartilaginous extracellular matrix in the developing and recurrent HO lesions, whereas mature HO shows marrow and osteoid with minimal cartilage presence. (B): Hypertrophic chondrocytes (white arrows) labeled by COLX immunostaining are present in developing HO and recurrent HO, but relatively diminished in mature HO. (C): Representative image demonstrating the overlap of COLIIA and COLX in hypertrophic chondrocytes (white arrows) present in areas of cartilage actively undergoing endochondral ossification. (D): Quantification of COLX+ hypertrophic chondrocytes in the cartilage anlagen of developing, mature, and recurrent HO. All values are normalized to developing HO. ∗, p > .05. Error bars represent standard deviation. Scale bars = 200 µm. Abbreviations: COLIIA, collagen II a; COLX, collagen X; HO, heterotopic ossification; HPF, high‐power field.