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. 2017 May 24;17:432. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4334-4

Table 3.

Characteristics of the study sample

Sample Ontario Populationa
n = 1622
Variable N % N %
Child gender
 Male 830 51.2 1,381,630 51.3
 Female 792 48.8 1,312,220 48.7
Child age category (years)b
 5 to 9 619 38.2 712,755 35.8
 10 to 17 1003 61.8 1,276,840 64.2
Parent gender
 Male 447 27.6 -- --
 Female 1174 72.4 -- --
Parent age (Mean ± SD) 44.4 ± 7.3 --
Marital status
 Not living with partner 260 16.2 604,645 16.7
 Living with partner 1349 83.8 3,007,560 83.3
Time since immigration
 Canadian-born 1247 78.0 8,906,000 71.1
 10+ years 277 17.3 2,591,915 20.7
 0–9 years 75 4.7 1,019,460 8.1
Education, highest level completed
 Below secondary school 46 2.9 769,575 11.0
 Secondary school diploma 187 11.6 1,702,160 24.3
 Post-secondary school 1379 85.6 4,547,145 64.8
Employment status
 Employed 1309 81.4 16,595,030 60.9
 Unemployed 70 4.4 1,395,050 5.1
 Other 230 14.3 9,269,445 34.0
Total household incomec
 Respondents 1309 100 4,886,655 100
   < $20,000 51 3.1 556,305 11.4
  $20,000 -$39,000 103 6.4 831,135 17.0
  $40,000 -$59,000 162 10.0 824,425 16.9
  $60,000–$79,000 167 10.3 680,850 13.9
  $80,000–$99,000 213 13.1 552,660 11.3
   ≥ $100,000 613 37.8 1,441,280 29.5

aAll Ontario data retrieved from: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population

bChild age categories presented are based on available census data

cTotal household income, before taxes and deduction, from all sources in the past 12 months. Note that 21.1% of the study sample did not provide their total household income

-- Comparable data for the Ontario population not available (e.g., Census does not differentiate between adults and parents; thus, parent-related data cannot be retrieved).