Table 3.
Hemodynamic variables of patients with shock between baseline and after volume expansion
| Variables | Baseline | After volume expansion | t | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart rate (beats/min) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 87.5 ± 18.1 | 84.7 ± 18.2 | 2.473 | 0.029 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 81.5 ± 16.4 | 79.8 ± 17.1 | 0.531 | 0.608 |
| Systolic arterial pressure (mmHg) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 120.3 ± 17.2 | 126.2 ± 19.8 | −1.943 | 0.076 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 118.7 ± 17.1 | 123.2 ± 14.4 | −0.765 | 0.462 |
| Diastolic artery pressure (mmHg) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 60.4 ± 9.1 | 61.1 ± 9.3 | −0.361 | 0.721 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 62.3 ± 8.4 | 62.3 ± 9.2 | 0.338 | 0.752 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 89.1 ± 11.7 | 91.0 ± 12.4 | −1.145 | 0.275 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 85.1 ± 10.1 | 86.3 ± 10.2 | −0.095 | 0.924 |
| VTIAo (cm) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 18.3 ± 5.5 | 22.8 ± 5.3 | −7.781 | 0.000 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 19.1 ± 4.8 | 22.1 ± 5.3 | −1.039 | 0.124 |
| Stroke volume (ml) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 57.2 ± 22.8 | 70.1 ± 24.2 | −6.859 | 0.000 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 61.3 ± 14.1 | 63.7 ± 15.2 | −0.194 | 0.236 |
| Cardiac output (L/min) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 4.7 ± 1.9 | 5.9 ± 2.1 | −8.788 | 0.000 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 5.0 ± 1.3 | 5.4 ± 1.4 | −1.025 | 0.244 |
| Middle hepatic vein S wave (cm/s) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 30.1 ± 10.2 | 37.1 ± 12.5 | −3.717 | 0.003 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 33.9 ± 12.2 | 34.8 ± 15.7 | −0.415 | 0.475 |
| Middle hepatic vein D wave (cm/s) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 23.3 ± 6.1 | 25.4 ± 7.1 | −0.984 | 0.355 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 24.6 ± 9.8 | 36.8 ± 15.1† | −6.429 | 0.000 |
| Middle hepatic vein A wave (cm/s) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 29.3 ± 11.1 | 27.5 ± 4.2 | 0.085 | 0.933 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 25.5 ± 5.3 | 25.5 ± 5.5 | 0.009 | 0.994 |
| Middle hepatic vein S/D | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | −1.392 | 0.169 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.401 | 0.181 |
| IVC diameter (cm) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | −3.578 | 0.004 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 0.298 | 0.771 |
| TAPSE (cm) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 0.589 | 0.547 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 0.321 | 0.715 |
| RV end-diastolic diameter (cm) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 2.7 ± 0.3 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | −0.586 | 0.579 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 3.2 ± 0.4* | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 0.296 | 0.772 |
| Tricuspid valve | ||||
| E peak velocity (cm/s) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 45.1 ± 14.5 | 53.1 ± 20.6 | 1.950 | 0.077 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 51.7 ± 14.9 | 53.2 ± 15.1 | −0.782 | 0.451 |
| A peak velocity (cm/s) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 51.5 ± 9.7 | 53.7 ± 12.2 | −0.782 | 0.448 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 50.6 ± 10.2 | 49.7 ± 14.3 | −0.724 | 0.486 |
| Sa (cm/s) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 11.6 ± 3.3 | 12.2 ± 4.3 | −0.973 | 0.352 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 12.7 ± 3.2 | 12.0 ± 3.1 | 1.651 | 0.133 |
| Ea (cm/s) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 8.4 ± 4.4 | 9.2 ± 4.2 | −0.696 | 0.501 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 10.9 ± 5.2 | 11.2 ± 5.3 | −0.538 | 0.604 |
| Aa (cm/s) | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 13.9 ± 4.5 | 14.5 ± 4.5 | −0.432 | 0.674 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 16.2 ± 5.7 | 16.9 ± 8.5 | −0.390 | 0.714 |
| E/Ea | ||||
| Responders (n = 19) | 6.1 ± 2.3 | 6.5 ± 2.7 | −0.292 | 0.771 |
| Nonresponders (n = 23) | 5.7 ± 3.2 | 5.4 ± 2.8 | 0.380 | 0.714 |
All results reported as mean ± SD. *P<0.05 comparing responders with nonresponders in baseline; †P<0.05 comparing responders with nonresponders after volume expansion. VTIAo: Aortic velocity-time integral; IVC: Inferior vena cava; TAPSE: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; RV: Right ventricular; Sa: Tricuspid annular systolic velocity at the lateral wall measured by tissue-Doppler pulse wave; Ea: Early diastolic velocity at the lateral wall measured by tissue-Doppler pulse wave; Aa: Late diastolic velocity at the lateral wall measured by tissue-Doppler pulse wave; SD: Standard deviation.