Table 6.
Measurement | Aerial-exposed zip codes | Control zip codes | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Mean age (years) | 9.0 | 9.1 | 0.91 |
Female (%) | 25.8 | 20.0 | 0.18 |
Mean age at Dx (months) | 65 | 68 | 0.74 |
ASD (%) | 76 | 78 | 0.25 |
ADOS score | 10 | 12 | 0.31 |
BSITD score | 79 | 65 | 0.12 |
DAY-C score | 85 | 83 | 0.69 |
Vineland score | 78 | 66 | 0.06 |
Comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (%) | 31.4 | 24.1 | 0.10 |
Comorbid anxiety (%) | 15.7 | 21.7 | 0.14 |
Parental nicotine/EtOH use (%) | 13.8 | 13.6 | 0.94 |
Fall birth (%) | 28.3 | 36.0 | 0.14 |
Syndromic disorder (%) | 10.7 | 9.6 | 0.73 |
There were no differences observed between groups in developmental characteristics. Fall births in the months between September and December were measured to assess the percentage of children in the target zip codes who would have received third trimester exposure to aerial application of pyrethroid pesticides. Children with syndromic disorders represent all children with a known genetic condition (including trisomies, chromosomal deletions), or diagnosed syndrome (e.g., neurofibromatosis, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, tuberous sclerosis, Down syndrome, and Rhett syndrome).
ASD, autism spectrum disorder; DD, developmental delay; Dx, diagnosis; ADOS, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule; BSITD, Baylee Scales of Infant and Toddler Development; DAY-C, Developmental Assessment of Young Children; EtOH, ethanol.