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. 2017 Mar 29;13(5):2558–2564. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4279

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

iNOS and eNOS expression and change in cAMP levels according to GIP or GLP-1 dose in high-glucose (30 mM). HUVEC was pretreated with GIP or GLP-1 in the indicated doses and 50 µM DPPIV inhibitor for 1 h. HUVEC was maintained in medium containing 30 mM glucose for 48 h. Expression of iNOS mRNA and eNOS mRNA was determined following treatment with (A) GIP or (B) GLP-1 by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (C) cAMP concentration was examined following treatment with GIP or (D) GLP-1 using a cAMP EIA kit. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 vs. control cells of high-glucose (30 mM). Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of four independent experiments. iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase; cAMP, cyclin adenoside monophosphate; GIP, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; DPPIV, dipeptidyl peptidase-4.