Table 1. Comparisons of characteristics between survivors and nonsurvivors of severe sepsis and septic shock.
| Variables | Survivors (n = 57) | Nonsurvivors (n = 29) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 69.6 ± 16.4 | 74.4 ± 9.6 | 0.091 |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 40 (70%) | 17 (59%) | 0.406 |
| Pneumonia/extrapulmonary sepsis, n (%) | 40 (70%) | 19 (66%) | 0.846 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Diabetes | 22 (39%) | 9 (31%) | 0.651 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 13 (23%) | 6 (21%) | 1.000 |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 14 (25%) | 9 (31%) | 0.701 |
| Chronic heart disease | 19 (33%) | 5 (17%) | 0.187 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 10 (18%) | 3 (10%) | 0.529 |
| Malignancy | 2 (4%) | 1 (3%) | 1.000 |
| ARDS, n (%) | 7 (12%) | 9 (31%) | 0.069 |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 54 (95%) | 29 (100%) | 0.548 |
| Septic shock, n (%) | 30 (53%) | 23 (79%) | 0.030 |
| Positive blood cultures, n (%) | 13 (23%) | 10 (35%) | 0.369 |
| Appropriate antibiotic treatment | 45 (79%) | 23 (79%) | 1.000 |
| WBC (× 103/μl) | 14.0 ± 7.8 | 13.7 ± 7.7 | 0.870 |
| APACHE II score, points | 23.8 ± 6.4 | 29.6 ± 8.1 | < 0.001 |
| qSOFA score, points | 2.0 (2.0–3.0) | 3 (2.0–3.0) | 0.013 |
| SOFA score, points | |||
| Day 1 | 8.4 ± 2.9 | 11.7 ± 3.7 | < 0.001 |
| Day 3 | 7.0 (4.5–9.0) | 10.5 (8.0–15.8) | < 0.001 |
| Day 5 | 5.0 (4.0–7.0) | 11.0 (6.0–14.0) | < 0.001 |
| ICU stay, days | 5.0 (4.0–10.0) | 10.0 (4.5–17.5) | 0.029 |
| Hospital stay, days | 17.0 (12.0–34.0) | 15.0 (6.5–25.5) | 0.113 |
| Mechanical ventilation, days | 5.0 (3.0–8.5) | 10.0 (5.0–14.5) | 0.022 |
Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) unless otherwise stated. ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; ICU, intensive care unit; qSOFA, quick SOFA; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; WBC, white blood cell count; APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation.