| Pseudoaneurysm |
X-Ray: No findings unless otherwise related to the etiology of the pseudoaneurysm. Possible soft tissue swelling may be seen depending on location. US: “To and fro” pattern of blood entering false lumen in systole, re-entering native lumen in diastole. CT: Contrast extravasation in arterial phase into a contained space. MRI: T1-weighted MRI will demonstrate a flow void within an aneurysmal sac secondary to turbulent flow. Angiography: Contrast extravasation from vessel lumen with circulating flow re-entering the native lumen.
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| Hematoma |
X-Ray: May show soft tissue swelling. US: Fluid collection without “to and fro” pattern. CT: Soft tissue density consistent with hematoma. No contrast extravasation. MRI: Appearance varies by acuity. T1 weighted imaging will typically show iso-intense to bright enhancement in acute phases and dark appearance in chronic hematomas. Angiography: No vascular abnormalities.
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| Compartment Syndrome |
X-Ray: May show soft tissue swelling. May show fractures depending on etiology. US: Findings will be related to etiology, but compartment syndrome is a clinical diagnosis. CT: Findings will relate to etiology. Compartment syndrome is a clinical diagnosis. MRI: Findings will relate to etiology. Compartment syndrome is a clinical diagnosis. Angiography: No vascular abnormalities.
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| Aneurysm |
X-Ray: Aneurysmal dilation may be evident, particularly in calcified vessels, causing the lumen to be readily visible. US: Enlarged vessel diameter without any “To and fro” pattern and no extravasation unless rupture has occurred. CT: Aneurysmal dilation readily evident without contrast extravasation unless the aneurysm has ruptured. MRI: Findings similar to CT. Angiography: Aneurysmal dilation without contrast extravasation
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