Table 1.
Number of forensic beds, involuntary hospital admissions, places in residential care or supported housing, psychiatric hospital beds, and prison population in six countries in 1990-1 and 2002-3. Values are numbers per 100 000 population unless stated otherwise
| Service provision | England | Germany | Italy | Netherlands | Spain | Sweden |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forensic beds: | ||||||
| 1990 | 1.3 (1991) | 4.6 | 2.0 | 4.7 (1991) | 1.2 (1992) | 9.8 (1993) |
| 2002 | 1.8* (2001) | 7.8 | 2.2 (2001) | 11.4 (2001) | 1.5 | 14.3 (2001) |
| Change (%) | +38 | +70 | +10 | +143 | +25 | +46 |
| Involuntary admissions: | ||||||
| 1990 | 40.5 (1991) | 114.4 (1992) | 20.51 | 16.4 | 33.8 | 39.0 (1992) |
| 2001 | 50.3 | 190.5 | 18.14† | 19.1‡ | 31.8§ (2000) | 32.4¶ |
| Change (%) | +24 | +67 | −12 | +16 | −6 | −17 |
| Places in supported housing: | ||||||
| 1990 | 15.9 (1997) | 8.9 | 8.8 (1992) | 24.8 (1992) | 5.1 (1994) | 76.0 (1997) |
| 2002 | 22.3 | 17.9 (1996) | 31.6† (2000) | 43.8 (2001) | 12.7§ | 88.1 |
| Change (%) | +40 | +101 | +259 | +77 | +149 | +15 |
| Psychiatric hospital beds: | ||||||
| 1990 | 131.8 | 141.7 | 4.5 (1992) | 159.2 | 59.5 (1991) | 168.6 |
| 2001 | 62.8 | 128.2 (2000) | 5.3† (2000) | 135.5 | 43.0 (1999) | 58.3 |
| Change (%) | −52 | −10 | +18 | −15 | −28 | −65 |
| Prison population: | ||||||
| 1992 | 90 | 71 | 81 | 49 | 90 | 63 |
| 2002 | 141 (2003) | 98 (2003) | 100 | 100 | 136 (2003) | 73 |
| Change (%) | +57 | +38 | +23 | +104 | +51 | +16 |
See bmj.com for data sources.
*
Data refer to restricted patients admitted to all (high security and other) hospitals.
†
Data for Emilia-Romagna, a region in northern Italy with a population of 4 million.
‡
Data for Drenthe, a rural area with 450 000 inhabitants.
§
Data for Andalucia, the second largest region in Spain, with a population of 7 million.
¶
Discharges from treatment under the Compulsory Care Act during a six month period.