Table 2. Clinical and biochemical characteristics in lean subjects.
| PCOS (n = 50) | Control (n = 50) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 23 ± 5 | 22 ± 4 | 0.185 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 20.4 ± 1.6 | 20.5 ± 1.8 | 0.785 |
| Percentage of fat (%) | 30.6 ± 4.4 | 31.1 ± 3.9 | 0.576 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 16.4 ± 3.1 | 16.9 ± 3.2 | 0.759 |
| Sex hormone-binding globulin (nmol/l) | 59.9 ± 20.2 | 101.8 ± 42.8 | <0.001 |
| Total testosterone (ng/dl) | 84.7 ± 17.2 | 43.2 ± 13.8 | 0.094 |
| Free testosterone (ng/dl) | 1.07 ± 0.32 | 0.37 ± 0.16 | <0.001 |
| Free androgen index | 5.5 ± 2.1 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 84 ± 7 | 84 ± 6 | 0.951 |
| Post-load 2-h glucose (mg/dL) | 94 ± 12 | 91 ± 18 | 0.311 |
| Fasting insulin (mIU/L) | 5.70 (1.81–8.03) | 3.41 (0.14–6.75) | 0.066 |
| Post-load 2-h insulin (mIU/L) | 28.65 (17.71–47.25) | 19.82 (11.06–30.46) | 0.007 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.17 (0.38–1.58) | 0.74 (0.03–1.36) | 0.091 |
| HOMA-M120 | 6.95 (3.60–10.73) | 4.44 (2.31–7.29) | 0.005 |
| ISI-Stumvoll (μmol/kg. min). (pmol/L)-1 | 0.106 (0.095–0.114) | 0.113 (0.103–0.123) | 0.010 |
| HOMA-F (mIU/mmol) | 95.34 (21.09–148.99) | 68.70 (2.07–121.70) | 0.097 |
| Ovarian volume (cm3) | 9.4 ± 3.6 | 4.6 ± 1.4 | <0.001 |
| Ovarian follicle no. | 9.7 ± 2.7 | 6.1 ± 1.7 | 0.001 |
Plus-minus values are mean ± SD.
Values before parentheses are medians, and values in parentheses are interquartile ranges. PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; ISI, insulin sensitivity index; HOMA-F, homeostasis model assessment β-cell function.