Tab.1.
Characteristics of cohort studies with PM2.5 exposure
| Author (published year) | Study year | Cohort / Study | Outcomes of included studies | Sample number | Age (year) (group) | Country (Continent) | PM2.5 (μg/m3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neas et al. 1994 [18] | 1983-1988 | - | wheezing, cough, bronchitis, asthma, LRI | 1,237 | 7 to 11 (children) | United States (North America) | 31.1 |
| Romieu et al. 1996 [19] | 1991-1992 | - | wheezing, cough, LRI | 71 | 5 to 13 (children) | Mexico (North America) | 85.7 |
| Tiitanen et al. 1999 [20] | 1995 | the PEACE study | cough | 76 | 8-13 (children) | Finland (Europe) | 15 a |
| Schwartz et al. 2000 [21] | 1990-1991 | the Harvard Six City Study | cough, LRI | 1,844 | school-aged (children) | United States (North America) | 15 |
| Gehring et al. 2002 [22] | 1997-1999 | the PIAMA birth cohort | respiratory infections | 1,606 | Infants (children) | German (Europe) | 13.4 c |
| Gent et al. 2003 [23] | 2001 | - | wheezing, cough | 271 | <12 (children) | New England (Europe) | 13.1 |
| Mar et al. 2004 [24] | 19971999 | - | wheezing, cough | 25 | children and adults | United States (North America) | 10 |
| Millstein et al. 2004 [25] | 1994-1995 | - | wheezing | 2,034 | 9.6 (0.4) (children) | United States (North America) | 5.24 |
| Pino et al. 2004 [26] | 1995-1996 | - | bronchitis | 504 | infants (children) | Chile (South America) | 52 |
| Johnston et al. 2006 [27] | 2004 | - | asthma | 235 | children and adults | Australian (Oceania) | 11.1 |
| Bennett et al. 2007 [28] | 1998-2005 | - | wheezing, cough, asthma | 1,446 | 37.2 (7.2) (adult) | Australian (Oceania) | 6.8 |
| Brauer et al. 2007 [29] | 1999-2003 | the PIAMA birth cohort | bronchitis, cough | 4,146 | 4 (children) | Netherlands (Europe) | 16.9 c |
| Morgenstern et al. 2007 [30] | 1999-2000 | GINI and LISA birth cohort | wheezing, bronchitis, cough, respiratory infections | 2,908 | children (children) | Germany (Europe) | 12.8 c |
| Picciotto et al. 2007 [31] | 1994-2003 | - | bronchitis | 1,492 | 3 to 4.5 (children) | United States (North America) | >25 |
| Rodriguez et al. 2007 [32] | 1996-2003 | - | wheezing, cough | 263 | 5 (children) | Australian (Oceania) | 8.534 |
| Beelen et al. 2008 [52] | 1986-1997 | - | lung cancer | 1,940 | 55 to 69 (adult) | Netherlands (Europe) | 28.2 c |
| Nuñez et al. 2008 [33] | 2003-2005 | the EVA cohort | wheezing, cough | 197 | 6 to 14 (children) | Mexico (North America) | 27.8 c |
| Clark et al. 2010 [34] | 1999-2000 | - | asthma | 3,484 | 3 to 4 (children) | United States (North America) | 4.67 |
| Gehring et al. 2010 [35] | 1996-2006 | the PIAMA birth cohort | wheezing | 3,863 | 8 (children) | Netherlands (Europe) | 16.9 c |
| Gurley et al. 2013 [36] | 2008-2011 | - | LRI | 257 | 2 (children) | Bangladesh (Asia) | 100 |
| Li et al. 2013 [37] | 2006-2009 | - | asthma | 412,832 | >18 (adult) | United States (North America) | 11.6 |
| Nielsen et al. 2013 [51] | - | the ESCAPE study | lung cancer | 2,095 | 43 to 73 (adult) | (Europe) | 5 c |
| Evans et al. 2014 [38] | 2002-2007 | - | asthma | 530 | 3 to10 (children) | United States (North America) | 8.6 |
| Loftus et al. 2014 [39] | 2010-2012 | - | wheezing | 58 | school-aged (children) | United States (North America) | 6.9 b |
| MacIntyre et al. 2014 d[46] | - | 10 European birth cohorts | pneumonia | 14,009 | 36 month (children) | (Europe) | 5 |
| MÖlter et al. 2014 d [40] | - | 6 birth cohort | asthma | 10,377 | 8 / 10 (children) | (Europe) | 5 |
| Puett et al. 2014 [50] | 1994-2010 | - | lung cancer | 2,155 | 67±8.3 (women) | United States (North America) | 10 |
| Wendt et al. 2014 [41] | 2005-2007 | - | asthma | 18,289 | 1to17 (children) | United States (North America) | 14.97 |
| Young et al. 2014 [42] | 2003-2009 | - | wheezing, cough, asthma | 50,884 | 55±9 (adult) | United States (North America) | 3.6 b |
| Jacquemin et al. 2015 d [43] | - | the ESCAPE study | asthma | 23,704 | adult (adult) | (Europe) | 5 |
| Rice et al. 2015 [44] | 1998-2011 | - | wheezing, bronchitis, cough, asthma | 4,444 | 50.4 (12.4) (adult) | United States (North America) | 10.8 a |
| Teresa et al. 2015 [45] | 1998-2006 | the CNBSS study | asthma | 29,549 | 40 to 59 (adult) | Canada (North America) | 12.57 |
| Gehring et al. 2016 [47] | 1996-2010 | 4 European birth cohorts | asthma | 6,864 | 14 to 16 (children) | (Europe) | 10 |
| Guo et al. 2016 [49] | 1990-2009 | - | lung cancer | 368,762 | >30 (adult) | China (Asia) | 10 |
| Tétreault et al. 2016 [48] | 1996-2011 | QICDSS | asthma | 162,752 | 13 (children) | Canada (North America) | 6.5 b |
LRI : Lower respiratory illness ; PM2.5 : mean, a median or b 50% IQR( Interquartile Range ) ; Traffic-related air pollution : c ; meta : d 6 birth cohorts: MAAS, BAMSE, PIAMA, GINI and LISA birth cohort; 10 European birth cohorts: BAMSE, GASPII, GINI and LISA, MAAS, PIAMA and four INMA cohorts; 4 European birth cohorts: BAMSE, PIAMA, GINI and LISA birth cohort