Table 1.

Classification accuracy for each region of interest

Region of interest	Threshold, %	n	PPV, %	NPV, %	Sensitivity, %	Specificity, %	Odds ratio
Sample 1 (1–5 years post-stroke), regions of interest from previous studies (independent of data)
(1) TMS	100	55	25	57	4	91	0.4
	90	55	47	60	30	75	1.3
	80	55	57	68	52	72	2.8
	70	55	48	63	52	59	1.6
	All at 80	154	74	79	66	85	10.7
(2) Functional MRI	100	55	29	54	17	69	0.5
	90	55	41	57	48	50	0.9
	80	55	45	64	65	44	1.5
	70	55	42	58	65	34	1.0
	All at 80	154	64	80	72	73	7.0
(1) and (2)	80	154	64	84	80	70	9.5
Sample 1 (1–5 years post-stroke), data-driven regions of interest
(3) TMS-guided	100	55	70	64	30	91	4.2
	90	55	69	67	39	88	4.5
	80	55	70	74	61	81	6.7
	70	55	54	70	65	59	2.7
	All at 80	154	85	85	75	91	32.6
(4) Functional MRI-guided	100	55	100	60	9	100	–
	90	55	67	61	17	94	3.2
	80	55	57	60	17	91	2.0
	70	55	55	61	26	84	1.9
	All at 90	154	88	73	46	96	18.9
(5) Unguided-LOM	100	55	100	63	17	100	–
	90	55	70	64	30	91	4.2
	80	55	56	65	43	75	2.3
	70	55	52	67	57	63	2.2
	All at 90	154	89	76	54	96	26.2
(6) VLSM	100	55	75	61	13	97	4.7
	90	55	67	63	26	91	3.4
	80	55	69	67	39	88	4.5
	70	55	71	68	43	88	5.4
	All at 70	154	85	76	54	94	17.1
(3) and (4)	80/90	154	85	86	77	91	35.7
(3) and (5)	80/90	154	83	87	80	89	33.9
(3) and (6)	80/70	154	83	91	87	88	49.4
Sample 2 (>5 years post-stroke), regions of interest from Sample 1 (independent of data)
(3)	80	108	64	94	93	69	27.6
(4)	90	108	65	76	55	82	5.7
(5)	90	108	72	81	65	85	10.8
(6)	70	108	66	75	53	84	5.7
(3) and (4)	80/90	108	64	94	93	69	27.6
(3) and (5)	80/90	108	63	96	95	68	39.7
(3) and (6)	80/70	108	59	95	95	62	30.7

n = number of patients included in each analysis (55 = 23 + 32 from Samples 1A and 1B; 154 = all those 1–5 years post-stroke; 108 = all those >5 years post-stroke). PPV/NPV = positive and negative predictive values. Threshold = cut-off (in % damage) for categorizing region of interest as damaged or not.