Table 1.

Information of 29 adult-onset MERS cases

Reported by, location, reference	Case no.	Sex, age (years)	symptomsis	Neurological examination	Etiology
Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, China	1	M, 37	Fever, UT	cervical rigidity (+)	NQ
Tada et al. [1] Japan	2	F, 59	Fever, vertigo, lethargy	NS	NQ
	3	F, 18	Fever, seizure, delirium	NS	NQ
	4	M, 19	Fever, cough, delirium, seizure	NS	NQ
	5	F, 25	Fever, vesicular, headache, drowsiness, nausea	NS	VZV
	6	M, 22	Fever, hallucination, delirium	NS	NQ
Jun-ichi et al. [22] Japan	7	M, 31	Headache, fever, drowsiness, disorientation, memory disturbance	drowsiness, disorientation, memory disturbance	NQ
Jeong-Seon et al. [6] Korea	8	M, 59	Dysarthria, drowsiness,fever	Normal	NQ
Nida Tascilar et al. [27] Turkey	9	F, 26	Fever, headache, phonophobia, photophobia, dizziness, UT	Neck stiffness (+), positive Kernig’s sign, right truncal and gait ataxia	NQ
Makiko et al. [28] Japan	10	F, 23	Fever, headache, UT	Unsteady gait, patellar tendon reflexes, plantar reflexes, abdominal wall reflexes diminished	NQ
Henning Vollmann et al. [29] Germany	11	M, 42	Fever, vomit, headache	Mild ataxia, disturbance of gait	Tick-bites
Dimitri Renard et al. [30] France	12	M, 43	Stuporous state	GCS E4M5V2, mutism, persistent hiccup	Anti-Yo rhombenceh- halitis
Shingo Mitraki et al. [31] Japan	13	M, 29	Consciousness disturbance	Drowsy, disoriented	pneumonia
Hideki Shibuya et al. [10] Japan	14	M, 30	Fever, consciousness disturbance	Glasgrow coma scale: E4V1M6	Mycoplasma- pneumoniae
Balasubramanyam Shankar et al. [32] India	15	F, 28	Fever, vomiting, paresthesia	Drowsy, neck rigidity, up going plantar reflex	NQ
Soon Young Ko et al. [33] Korea	16	M, 30	Fever, alalia	dysarthra	Nonfulminant hepatitis A
Makoto Hibino et al. [34] Japan	17	F, 24	Fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain, weakness of right upper extremity	Right-side hemiparesis, hemianesthesia, Chaddock (+)	adenovirus
Yuji Tomizawa et al. [11] Japan	18	M, 49	Fever, gait difficulty	Wide-based gait, fine postural tremors, mildly exaggerate deep tendon reflexes	Legionella pneumophila- serogroup 2
Robert M et al. [35] America	19	M, 41	Fever, headache, delirium, consciousness disturbance, tremor, gait instability, paresthesias, UT	Slow thought, mild difficulty finding words, intention tremor of the left arm, dysmetria of lower extremities, broad-based gait	ipilimumba
Jing Jing Pan et al. [36] China	20	F, 18	Fever	(−)	NQ
	21	M, 26	Fever, acute UT	Nuchal rigidity (+)	NQ
	22	F, 23	Fever, headache, disturbance of consciousness	Kerning (+)	C-section
	23	M, 21	Fever, headache, acute UT, intestinal obstruction	Kerning (+)	NQ
Shuo Zhang et al. [37] China	24	F, 26	Headache, fever, seizure, somnolence	Somnolence	Mycoplasm-a
	25	F, 34	Dizziness, fever, somnolence	Somnolence	Mumps virus
	26	M,25	Headache, fever, cognitive impairment, behavioral disorders, confusion	Cognitive impairment, behavioral disorders, confusion	Herpes simplex virus
Eylem Degirmenci et al. [38] Turkey	27	M, 27	Headache, apathy, nausea, vomiting	Bilateral papilledema, mildly altered mental status	NQ
Naila Alakbarvova et al. [39] Turkey	28	M, 46	Headache, vomiting, nausea, diarrea, abdominal pain, generalized tonic-clonic seizure	Confusing with time disorientation	Amanita phalloides intoxication
Matthias Gawlitza et al. [40] Germany	29	F, 28	disorientated	Disorientated, confusion	Hemolytic uremic syndrome

M male, F female, UT urinary retention, NS no statement, NQ no required, VZV varicella zoster virus