| 1. Introduction................................................................................................ | 1929 |
| 2. Challenges and limitations for the delivery of protein drugs................. | 1930 |
| 3. Nanocarriers............................................................................................... | 1931 |
| 3.1. Liposomes........................................................................................... | 1933 |
| 3.2. Virosomes........................................................................................... | 1936 |
| 3.3. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles.................................................................. | 1937 |
| 3.4. Polymeric Nanoparticles................................................................... | 1940 |
| 3.5. Protein Conjugates............................................................................. | 1948 |
| 4. Targeting strategies and applications....................................................... | 1950 |
| 4.1. Topical Application............................................................................ | 1950 |
| 4.2. Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect.................................. | 1951 |
| 4.3. Physical Targeting.............................................................................. | 1953 |
| 4.4. Molecular Targeting........................................................................... | 1956 |
| 5. Concluding remarks.................................................................................. | 1961 |
| Acknowledgements....................................................................................... | 1962 |
| References..................................................................................................... | 1962 |