Table 4.
Outcomes of biliary drainage at regional and tertiary center.
| Regional center (N = 83) | Tertiary center (N = 96)a | |
|---|---|---|
| Patients with any complication, n (%) | 38 (45.8) | 39 (40.6) |
| Cholangitis | 15 (18.1) | 18 (18.8) |
| Cholecystitis | 2 (2.4) | 1 (1.0) |
| Pancreatitis | 7 (8.4) | 4 (4.2) |
| Bleeding | 4 (4.8) | 2 (2.1) |
| Perforationb | 3 (3.6) | 1 (1.0) |
| Stent dysfunction | 14 (16.9) | 13 (13.5) |
| PTBD dislocation | 0 | 4 (4.2) |
| Other | 6 (7.2) | 3 (3.1) |
| Patients with >1 complication, n (%) | 10 (12.0) | 8 (8.3) |
| Patients with >2 complications, n (%) | 1 (1.2) | 6 (6.3) |
| Additional drainage required by tertiary center, n (%) | 45 (54.2) | n/a |
| Inadequate FLR drainage | 16 (19.3) | |
| Stent dysfunction | 15 (18.1) | |
| Cholangitis | 3 (3.6) | |
| Palliative stenting | 11 (13.3) |
PTBD: percutaneous transhepatic biliary drain; FLR: future liver remnant; n/a: not applicable.
a
This group also included patients who had undergone previous drainage at the regional center.
b
Perforation of duodenum (3) in regional center and perforation of bile duct (1) at tertiary center.