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. 2017 May 13;8(3):489–506. doi: 10.1007/s13300-017-0263-6

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© The Author(s) 2017

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 1a–d — Illustration of the concepts of a time delay (τ) and a time constant (T). The system stimulus is shown in a, while the other figures illustrate the output from a system that presents b a time delay, c a time constant, and d both. This figure is licensed for publication under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 4.0 license