. 2017 May 26;7:2452. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02706-z

Table 2.

Central tendency (mean and median) and heterogeneity (SD, kurtosis, skewness) MRI parameters in 39 HCC lesions and liver parenchyma in 32 patients.

	Mean			Median			SD			Kurtosis			Skewness
	Liver	HCC	P *	Liver	HCC	P *	Liver	HCC	P *	Liver	HCC	P *	Liver	HCC	P *
F_a	49 ± 45	247 ± 240	<0.001	47 ± 45	241 ± 250	<0.001	16.3 ± 13.0	83.0 ± 66.7	<0.001	4.3 ± 1.8	5.5 ± 6.0	0.754	0.76 ± 0.66	0.44 ± 1.34	0.232
F_p	145 ± 123	112 ± 156	0.048	146 ± 126	103 ± 166	0.010	39.9 ± 32.5	78.6 ± 78.6	0.020	6.3 ± 14.0	64.1 ± 183.6	0.005	0.54 ± 1.57	4.00 ± 6.41	<0.001
F_t	193 ± 122	358 ± 337	0.023	193 ± 125	342 ± 350	0.092	43.7 ± 36.2	144.3 ± 126.3	<0.001	4.5 ± 3.1	17.1 ± 54.9	0.969	0.62 ± 0.76	1.14 ± 3.11	0.984
ART	33.9 ± 27.9	78.9 ± 21.5	<0.001	33.0 ± 29.1	80.3 ± 24.2	<0.001	9.7 ± 5.1	13.1 ± 9.0	0.055	7.6 ± 10.5	30.1 ± 61.8	0.256	0.68 ± 1.71	−2.49 ± 4.37	<0.001
MTT	20.3 ± 12.3	21.2 ± 15.8	0.724	19.7 ± 12.1	18.8 ± 16.3	0.667	4.2 ± 2.9	10.9 ± 7.3	<0.001	5.2 ± 4.8	9.1 ± 17.4	0.938	0.90 ± 0.87	1.54 ± 2.06	0.337
DV	37.4 ± 22.7	34.6 ± 24.7	0.695	36.8 ± 22.8	34.0 ± 26.0	0.710	4.9 ± 3.4	9.9 ± 5.7	<0.001	3.7 ± 1.7	5.5 ± 10.8	0.240	0.58 ± 0.61	0.70 ± 1.59	0.468
R₂* pre O₂	55.3 ± 34.4	34.5 ± 15.1	<0.001	54.7 ± 34.8	33.1 ± 15.0	<0.001	7.6 ± 7.5	7.6 ± 5.2	0.681	4.0 ± 2.9	5.2 ± 4.3	0.433	0.35 ± 0.89	0.92 ± 1.09	0.055
R₂* post O₂	51.8 ± 30.8	33.7 ± 14.5	<0.001	51.5 ± 31.4	32.7 ± 14.6	<0.001	8.3 ± 10.7	8.0 ± 4.7	0.347	3.5 ± 1.8	4.0 ± 2.7	0.984	0.15 ± 0.64	0.72 ± 0.81	0.011
ΔR₂*	−3.47 ± 10.0	−0.78 ± 8.74	0.281	−3.12 ± 8.8	−0.86 ± 7.48	0.264	8.8 ± 9.5	8.6 ± 5.2	0.638	3.9 ± 2.0	4.7 ± ± 3.6	0.830	−0.18 ± 0.72	−0.16 ± 0.94	0.799
R₁ pre O₂	1.76 ± 0.47	1.67 ± 0.94	0.052	1.76 ± 0.46	1.58 ± 0.73	0.033	0.12 ± 0.14	0.75 ± 3.31	0.008	3.7 ± 2.2	8.1 ± 17.7	0.531	−0.12 ± 0.76	0.72 ± 2.07	0.012
R₁ post O₂	1.87 ± 0.73	1.90 ± 1.79	0.027	1.77 ± 0.63	1.54 ± 0.61	0.026	2.26 ± 7.73	1.44 ± 5.48	0.422	71.4 ± 257.6	16.5 ± 34.5	0.327	2.13 ± 8.07	1.41 ± 2.76	0.153
ΔR₁	0.11 ± 0.45	0.23 ± 1.15	0.176	0.01 ± 0.24	−0.05 ± 0.25	0.829	2.26 ± 7.73	1.06 ± 3.46	0.196	72.2 ± 257.4	17.6 ± 44.6	0.814	2.14 ± 8.08	1.50 ± 3.03	0.112
ADC	1.31 ± 0.58	1.43 ± 0.68	<0.001	1.31 ± 0.58	1.41 ± 0.70	<0.001	0.2 ± 0.1	0.3 ± 0.2	0.142	3.8 ± 2.2	4.0 ± 6.4	0.030	0.10 ± 0.79	0.33 ± 0.90	0.337

*P-values from Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Significant P-values are bolded. ADC = apparent diffusion coefficient (10⁻³ mm²/s), ART = arterial fraction (%), DV = distribution volume (%), F_a = arterial flow (ml/100 g/min), F_p = portal flow (ml/100 g/min), F_t = total flow (ml/100 g/min), MTT = mean transit time (s), R₁ = longitudinal relaxation rate (s⁻¹), R₂* = transverse relaxation rate (s⁻¹).