Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of perioperative predictors associated with postoperative infections in patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy
| Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-infection (n = 116) | Infection (n = 103) | OR | 95% CI | P-value | OR | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Sarcopenia | 18 (15.5) | 37 (35.9) | 3.05 | 1.62–5.91 | <0.001 | 3.43 | 1.71–7.14 | <0.001 |
| Male | 77 (66.4) | 66 (64.1) | 0.90 | 0.52–1.58 | 0.72 | |||
| Age (≥ 70 years) | 45(38.8) | 47 (45.6) | 1.32 | 0.77–2.27 | 0.31 | |||
| BMI (≥ 25 kg/m2) | 13 (11.2) | 21 (20.4) | 2.03 | 0.97–4.39 | 0.06 | 2.01 | 0.87–4.80 | 0.10 |
| ASA (≥ grade 3) | 6 (5.2) | 10 (9.7) | 1.97 | 0.70–5.98 | 0.20 | |||
| Albumin (< 3.6 g/dL) | 14 (12.4) | 19 (19.4) | 1.70 | 0.81–3.66 | 0.16 | |||
| Child–Pugh score (grade B) | 4 (3.4) | 10 (9.7) | 3.01 | 0.97–11.3 | 0.06 | 1.74 | 0.48–7.40 | 0.41 |
| Diabetes | 32 (27.6) | 32 (31.1) | 1.18 | 0.66–2.12 | 0.57 | |||
| Malignant disease | 77 (66.4) | 74 (71.8) | 1.29 | 0.73–2.31 | 0.38 | |||
| Preoperative biliary drainage | 42 (36.2) | 59 (57.3) | 2.36 | 1.38–4.09 | 0.002 | 2.20 | 1.17–4.20 | 0.014 |
| Operative time (> 425 min) | 60 (51.7) | 69 (67.0) | 1.89 | 1.10–3.30 | 0.02 | 1.57 | 0.83–2.99 | 0.17 |
| Blood loss (> 550 mL) | 39 (33.6) | 46 (44.7) | 1.59 | 0.92–2.76 | 0.09 | 1.92 | 1.00–3.73 | 0.048 |
| Vascular reconstruction | 28 (24.1) | 23 (22.3) | 0.95 | 0.50–1.78 | 0.87 | |||
| Soft pancreatic texture | 59 (50.9) | 74 (71.8) | 2.47 | 1.41–4.37 | 0.001 | 3.71 | 1.96–7.29 | <0.001 |
| Normal pancreatic duct (< 3 mm) | 42 (36.2) | 45 (43.7) | 1.37 | 0.79–2.36 | 0.26 | |||
Data are presented as numbers (percentages).
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, BMI body mass index, ASA American Society of Anaesthesiologists