Table 3.
Multiple logistic regression derived odds ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) for the risk of presence of anemia, low serum ferritin, elevated Pb, Mantoux ≥10 mm, unknown immunization status and anti-HBs (+ vs -) and possible determinants
| Anemia Hb a | Ferritin (≤12 ng/l) | Elevated Pb c (≥5 vs <5 μg/dl) | Mantoux ≥ 10 mm | Immunization status (Unkown vs known) | anti-HBs d (+ vs -) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Migration status | ||||||||||||
| Refugee | Reference category | |||||||||||
| Immigrant | 1.29 (0.64–2.61) | 0.482 | 1.97 (1.02–3.81) | 0.043 | 2.97 (1.58–5.60) | 0.001 | 0 (0.00- n.e) | 0.996 | 0.25 (0.12–0.51) | <0.001 | 1.79 (1.06–3.01) | 0.030 |
| Age (per 1 year) | 0.89 (0.81–0.98) | 0.017 | 0.91 (0.83–0.99) | 0.027 | 0.86 (0.79–0.94) | 0.001 | 0.96 (0.79–1.16) | 0.653 | 1.03 (0.95–1.12) | 0.506 | 0.92 (0.86–0.99) | 0.025 |
| Geographic area of origin | ||||||||||||
| Asia | Reference category | |||||||||||
| Europe | 0.35 (0.08–1.63) | 0.181 | 0.36 (0.10–1.32) | 0.125 | 0.31 (0.00–0.24) | 0.001 | - | 0.25 (0.10–0.59) | 0.002 | 0.65 (0.28–1.53) | 0.325 | |
| Africa | 0.62 (0.17–2.20) | 0.457 | 0.62 (0.20–1.95) | 0.417 | 0.15 (0.04–0.56) | 0.005 | - | 2.14 (0.60–7.67) | 0.244 | 2.14 (0.88–5.19) | 0.092 | |
| BMI b(per 5 kg/m2) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.56 (1.04–2.33) | 0.031 |
aDefinition of anemia by age group: Hb <11 mg/dl (12–59 months); Hb <11.5 mg/dl (5–11 years); Hb <12 mg/dl (12–14 years)
b BMI body mass index
cPb: Blood Lead levels; n = 235 children were tested
danti-HBs: IgG antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen