Table 1.
Baseline characteristics before and after propensity score matching
| Covariates | Before matching | After matching | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imidapril (n = 66), n (%) | Amlodipine (n = 835), n (%) | p value | Imidapril (n = 57), n (%) | Amlodipine (n = 57), n (%) | p value | |
| Exposure days (days, mean ± SE) | 223.8 ± 12.7 | 234 ± 3.5 | 0.4358 | 226.2 ± 13.8 | 235.2 ± 13.0 | 0.6359 |
| Age (years, mean ± SE) | 60.3 ± 12.6 | 64.3 ± 11.4 | 0.0068* | 61.2 ± 1.7 | 63.2 ± 1.9 | 0.4178 |
| Women | 30 (45.5) | 528 (63.2) | 0.0042* | 29 (50.9) | 27 (47.4) | 0.7079 |
| Medical history | ||||||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 16 (24.2) | 199 (23.8) | 0.94 | 15 (26.3) | 17 (29.8) | 0.6768 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 37 (56.1) | 262 (31.4) | <0.0001* | 28 (49.1) | 27 (47.4) | 0.8513 |
| Other heart disease | 23 (34.9) | 200 (24) | 0.0483* | 18 (31.6) | 23 (40.4) | 0.3292 |
| Malignant neoplasm | 27 (40.9) | 493 (59) | 0.0041* | 26 (45.6) | 23 (40.4) | 0.5703 |
| Liver disease | 25 (37.9) | 395 (47.3) | 0.1394 | 25 (43.9) | 24 (42.1) | 0.8499 |
| Kidney disease | 20 (30.3) | 285 (34.1) | 0.5269 | 18 (31.6) | 19 (33.3) | 0.8415 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 41 (62.1) | 354 (42.4) | 0.0019* | 35 (61.4) | 34 (59.7) | 0.848 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 43 (65.2) | 505 (60.5) | 0.4541 | 37 (64.9) | 45 (79) | 0.0954 |
| Medication | ||||||
| Antidiabetic drugs | ||||||
| Insulin | 5 (7.6) | 27 (3.2) | 0.0665 | 5 (8.8) | 6 (10.5) | 0.7511 |
| Oral antidiabetic drugs | 10 (15.2) | 81 (9.7) | 0.1571 | 10 (17.5) | 19 (33.3) | 0.0529 |
| Antidyslidemic drugs | ||||||
| Statins | 25 (37.9) | 186 (22.3) | 0.004* | 22 (38.6) | 20 (35.1) | 0.6978 |
| Fibrates | 2 (3) | 17 (2) | 0.5883 | 2 (3.5) | 2 (3.5) | 1 |
| Other antidyslidemic drugs | 2 (3) | 43 (5.2) | 0.4467 | 2 (3.5) | 1 (1.8) | 0.5585 |
| Chemotherapeutics | 3 (4.6) | 78 (9.3) | 0.1898 | 3 (5.3) | 1 (1.8) | 0.3087 |
| Liver disease therapeutics | 2 (3) | 65 (7.8) | 0.1564 | 2 (3.5) | 4 (7) | 0.4015 |
| Steroids | 5 (7.6) | 119 (14.3) | 0.1296 | 5 (8.8) | 3 (5.3) | 0.4634 |
| NSAIDs | 42 (63.6) | 331 (39.6) | 0.0001* | 34 (59.7) | 32 (56.1) | 0.7044 |
| Antihypertensive drugs | ||||||
| α-blockers | 0 (0) | 17 (2) | 0.2419 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – |
| β-blockers | 5 (7.6) | 44 (5.3) | 0.4264 | 4 (7) | 5 (8.8) | 0.7283 |
| α + β-blockers | 4 (6.1) | 26 (3.1) | 0.1989 | 4 (7) | 5 (8.8) | 0.7283 |
| Vasodilators | 0 (0) | 13 (1.6) | 0.3072 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – |
Data are numbers of individuals (%) unless otherwise stated
NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
* p <0.05 (imidapril vs amlodipine, t test for continuous variables and Chi-squared test for categorical data)