Table 1.
Sample characteristics
| Variable | Total Sample (N = 91) |
African American (n = 56) |
Non-Hispanic White (n = 35) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 56.13 (7.75) | 53.73 (6.54) | 59.97 (8.08) | <0.001 |
| Sex (female) | 56 (61.5) | 35 (62.5) | 21 (60.0) | 0.81 |
| Education | ||||
| (High school or less) | 34 (37.4) | 26 (46.4) | 8 (22.9) | 0.02 |
| BMI | 32.96 (7.89) | 34.05 (8.19) | 31.20 (7.14) | 0.09 |
| Current Smoker (yes) | 18 (19.8) | 14 (25.0) | 4 (11.4) | 0.10 |
| Corticosteroid | ||||
| Medication Use (yes) | 13 (14.3) | 6 (10.7) | 7 (20.0) | 0.22 |
| OA Pain Intensitya | 11.91 (20.44) | 16.23 (23.92) | 5.00 (10.05) | 0.01 |
| Perceived Racial | ||||
| Discrimination | 8.07 (11.08) | 12.39 (12.13) | 1.07 (2.29) | <0.001 |
| Pain Intensityb | 59.01 (28.58) | 62.79 (26.97) | 52.96 (30.41) | 0.57c |
| Pain Unpleasantnessb | 61.66 (27.84) | 65.91 (25.26) | 55.05 (30.66) | 0.44c |
Note: Data presented as means (SD) or count (%); BMI = body mass index;
a
clinical pain intensity in the most affected knee rated on a 0 to 100 scale on the day of the QST;
b
pain ratings during the cold pressor task rated on a 1 to 100 scale collapsed across the three different cold water exposures;
c
P value after controlling for age, sex, education, BMI, smoking status, corticosteroid medication use, OA pain intensity, and cold pain tolerance.