Table 2.

Associations between risk factors and violent crime in the derivation sample from the multiple regression model (after multiple imputation)

		Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)	p value
Male sex		2·32 (1·91–2·81)	<0·0001
Age at hospital discharge (per 10 years)		0·63 (0·58–0·67)	<0·0001
Previous violent crime*		5·03 (4·23–5·98)	<0·0001
Previous drug use†		1·45 (1·23–1·72)	<0·0001
Previous alcohol use†		1·75 (1·47–2·09)	<0·0001
Previous self-harm†		1·23 (1·04–1·45)	0·02
Educational level		..	0·31
	Lower secondary (<16 years of age)	1 (reference)	..
	Upper secondary (16–18 years of age)	0·88 (0·75–1·04)	..
	Postsecondary (>18 years of age)	0·93 (0·69–1·26)	..
Parental drug or alcohol use†		1·11 (0·91–1·35)	0·30
Parental violent crime*		1·16 (0·92–1·46)	0·21
Sibling violent crime*		0·90 (0·71–1·13)	0·35
	Recent treatment‡—antipsychotic	0·62 (0·51–0·77)	<0·0001
	Recent treatment‡—antidepressant	0·80 (0·65–0·99)	0·04
	Recent treatment‡—dependence§	1·78 (1·22–2·60)	0·003
Inpatient at time of episode		1·37 (1·18–1·59)	<0·0001
Received benefits¶		1·42 (1·17–1·72)	0·0003
Personal income		..	0·046
	Fifth decile	0·84 (0·65–1·10)	..
	Tenth decile (highest)	0·88 (0·50–1·57)	..

^*Conviction for homicide, assault, robbery, arson, any sexual offence (rape, sexual coercion, child molestation, indecent exposure, or sexual harassment), illegal threats, or harassment.

^†Inpatient or outpatient International Classification of Diseases diagnosis in patient register.

^‡Dispensed within the last 6 months.

^§Drugs used in addictive disorders.

^¶Welfare or disability benefits.