Table 2:
Population Study Characteristics at Baseline
| Cohort* | Baseline Age (yr) | Cigarettes/d | Years of Smoking | BMI (kg/m2) | Fruit Intake† (g/d) | Vegetable Intake (g/d)‡ | Women (%) | Never-smokers (%) | Married (%) | Low Educational Level (%) | Employed (%) | ETS§ | White Collar (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPIC-Umeå, Sweden | 46.0 (10.2)|| | 2.4 (5.6) | 8.8 (13.0) | 25.0 (4.0) | 163.0 (132.6) | 93.5 (90.1) | 52.2 | 62.0 | 82.3 | 28.0 | 85.4 | — | — |
| FINRISK, Finland | 48.0 (13.2) | 3.8 (7.8) | 14.0 (17.2) | 26.4 (4.6) | 67.8% | 68.2% | 53.7 | 45.1 | 70.1 | 31.0 | 69.1 | 18.5 | 53.1 |
| HUBRO, Oslo, Norway | 48.3 (15.2) | 6.7 (8.5) | 11.5 (14.4) | 25.7 (4.1) | 39.9% | 14.5% | 56.1 | 46.1 | 49.9 | 17.7 | 73.2 | — | — |
| SNAC-K, Stockholm, Sweden | 73.0 (10.3) | 6.6 (9.2) | 15.9 (19.4) | 25.7 (4.1) | — | — | 62.0 | 46.9 | 49.7 | 24.9 | 24.8 | 51.4 (65.0) | 81.4 |
| SALT, Stockholm, Sweden | 58.4 (10.4) | 2.9 (6.5) | 16.3 (17.2) | 28.5 (4.1) | — | — | 56.4 | 39.2 | 67.5 | 21.8 | — | — | — |
| Sixty, Stockholm, Sweden | 60.3 (0.1) | 8.0 (9.1) | 15.3 (16.4) | 23.3 (2.3) | 64.4% | 13.2% | 52.5 | 40.7 | 71.5 | 27.7 | 50.2 | 47.5 | 77.3 |
| DCH, Copenhagen, Denmark | 56.7 (4.4) | 6.3 (10.4) | 18.7 (17.1) | 26.0 (4.1) | 183.2 (151.2) | 175.9 (99.2) | 54.1 | 36.3 | 69.2 | 29.6 | 80.1 | 64.3 | — |
| EPIC-MORGEN, Netherlands | 43.9 (10.9) | 10.4 (11.1) | 14.3 (13.7) | 25.2 (4.0) | 171.9 (129.2) | 126.6 (51.8) | 54.4 | 35.0 | 67.6 | 11.9 | — | — | — |
| EPIC-PROSPECT, Netherlands | 57.7 (6.0) | 5.7 (7.4) | 15.2 (16.5) | 25.5 (4.1) | 231.6 (139.2) | 136.3 (52.5) | 100.0 | 45.0 | 76.9 | 22.2 | — | — | — |
| SALIA, Germany | 54.5 (0.6) | 2.6 (6.6) | 4.4 (10.5) | — | — | — | 100.0 | 74.5 | — | 28.8 | — | 50.8 | — |
| EPIC-Oxford, UK | 45.8 (13.7) | 5.0 (8.3) | 6.7 (11.2) | 24.0 (3.9) | 259.9 (204.5) | 281.0 (156.4) | 77.5 | 63.3 | 70.8 | 36.5 | 72.5 | — | — |
| KORA, Germany | 49.5 (13.8) | 9.2 (13.3) | 12.0 (14.2) | 27.2 (4.6) | 59.5% | 47.1% | 50.8 | 43.7 | 75.7 | 12.6 | 58.3 | 23.9 (24.7) | — |
| VHM&PP, Voralberg, Austria | 41.9 (14.9) | — | — | 24.8 (4.3) | — | — | 56.1 | 69.9 | 68.4 | — | 69.3 | — | 56.3 |
| E3N, France | |
||||||||||||
| Paris | 52.9 (6.7) | 3.7 (6.9) | 11.8 (16.0) | 22.8 (3.2) | 238.4 (163.2) | 239.1 (127.0) | 100.0 | 63.0 | — | 10.6 | — | — | — |
| Grenoble, Lyon, and Marseille | 52.9 (6.7) | 3.5 (6.7) | 11.4 (15.8) | 22.7 (3.2) | 244.8 (166.3) | 242.7 (127.4) | 100.0 | 64.2 | — | 11.3 | — | — | — |
| EPIC-Turin, Italy | 50.4 (7.5) | 7.2 (8.2) | 17.6 (16.3) | 25.3 (3.8) | 318.3 (182.3) | 181.8 (100.2) | 47.7 | 42.6 | 85.6 | 43.6 | — | — | — |
| EPIC-Athens, Greece | 49.4 (11.7) | 12.7 (15.0) | 10.8 (13.1) | 27.5 (4.5) | 402.6 (258.2) | 609.5 (288.6) | 55.0 | 39.5 | 78.0 | 23.6 | 66.9 | — | 47.5 |
Definition of abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; ETS = environmental tobacco smoke.
*
The order of cohorts is based on a north-to-south gradient in Europe
†
Mean (SD) (g/d) or percentage with daily fruit consumption.
‡
Mean (SD) (g/d) or percentage with daily vegetable consumption.
§
Percentage of any exposure at home and/or work (values in parentheses indicate the percentage of ETS at work).
||
Mean (SD) unless otherwise noted.